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The SOFIA Massive (SOMA) Star Formation Survey. IV. Isolated Protostars
Law, Chi-Yan; Telkamp, Zoie; Yang, Yao-Lun +13 more
We present ~10-40 µm SOFIA-FORCAST images of 11 isolated protostars as part of the SOFIA Massive (SOMA) Star Formation Survey, with this morphological classification based on 37 µm imaging. We develop an automated method to define source aperture size using the gradient of its background-subtracted enclosed flux and apply this to build…
White dwarf spectral type-temperature distribution from Gaia DR3 and the Virtual Observatory
Solano, E.; Rebassa-Mansergas, A.; Raddi, R. +6 more
Context. The characterization of white dwarf atmospheres is crucial for accurately deriving stellar parameters such as effective temperature, mass, and age. However, the inclusion of physical processes such as convective mixing and convective dilution in current white dwarf atmospheric models offers a prediction of the spectral evolution of these …
Future Exploration of the Outer Heliosphere and Very Local Interstellar Medium by Interstellar Probe
Wurz, P.; Krimigis, S. M.; Kurth, W. S. +40 more
A detailed overview of the knowledge gaps in our understanding of the heliospheric interaction with the largely unexplored Very Local Interstellar Medium (VLISM) are provided along with predictions of with the scientific discoveries that await. The new measurements required to make progress in this expanding frontier of space physics are discussed…
High-resolution Spectroscopic Metallicities of Milky Way Cepheid Standards and Their Impact on the Leavitt Law and the Hubble Constant
Riess, Adam G.; Macri, Lucas M.; Marconi, Marcella +10 more
Milky Way Cepheid variables with accurate Hubble Space Telescope photometry have been established as standards for primary calibration of the cosmic distance ladder to achieve a percent-level determination of the Hubble constant (H 0). These 75 Cepheid standards are the fundamental sample for investigation of possible residual systemati…
Solar Flare Ribbon Fronts. I. Constraining Flare Energy Deposition with IRIS Spectroscopy
Polito, Vanessa; Xu, Yan; Kerr, Graham S. +2 more
Spectral lines formed at lower atmospheric layers show peculiar profiles at the "leading edge" of ribbons during solar flares. In particular, increased absorption of the BBSO/GST He I λ10830 line, as well as broad and centrally reversed profiles in the spectra of the Mg II and C II lines observed by the IRIS satellite, has been reported. In this w…
Milky Way globular clusters on cosmological timescales. I. Evolution of the orbital parameters in time-varying potentials
Khoperskov, Sergey; Berczik, Peter; Ishchenko, Maryna +4 more
Context. Recent observational data show that the Milky Way galaxy contains about 170 globular clusters. A fraction of them is likely formed in dwarf galaxies that were accreted onto the Milky Way in the past, while the remaining clusters were formed in situ. Therefore, the different parameters, including the orbits, of the globular clusters are a …
The three-dimensional structure of galactic molecular cloud complexes out to 2.5 kpc
Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Fouesneau, M.; Dharmawardena, T. E. +5 more
Knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of Galactic molecular clouds is important for understanding how clouds are affected by processes such as turbulence and magnetic fields and how this structure affects star formation within them. Great progress has been made in this field with the arrival of the Gaia mission, which provides accurate dist…
The SPHERE view of three interacting twin disc systems in polarized light
Garufi, Antonio; Pinilla, Paola; Dullemond, Cornelis P. +12 more
Dense stellar environments as hosts of ongoing star formation increase the probability of gravitational encounters among stellar systems during the early stages of evolution. Stellar interaction may occur through non-recurring, hyperbolic, or parabolic passages (a so-called 'fly-by'), through secular binary evolution, or through binary capture. In…
Astrophysical Properties of 600 Bona Fide Single Stars in the Hyades Open Cluster
Brandner, Wolfgang; Calissendorff, Per; Kopytova, Taisiya
The determination of the astrophysical properties of stars remains challenging and frequently relies on the application of stellar models. Stellar sequences in nearby open clusters provide some of the best means to test and calibrate stellar evolutionary models and isochrones and to use these models to assign astrophysical properties consistently …
Stellar variability in Gaia DR3. I. Three-band photometric dispersions for 145 million sources
Caballero, J. A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Holgado, G. +1 more
Context. The unparalleled characteristics of Gaia photometry in terms of calibration, stability, time span, dynamic range, full-sky coverage, and complementary information make it an excellent choice to study stellar variability.
Aims: We aim to measure the photometric dispersion in the G, GBP, and GRP bands of the 145 6…