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Recent and episodic volcanic and glacial activity on Mars revealed by the High Resolution Stereo Camera
Jaumann, R.; Head, J. W.; Neukum, G. +9 more
The large-area coverage at a resolution of 10-20metres per pixel in colour and three dimensions with the High Resolution Stereo Camera Experiment on the European Space Agency Mars Express Mission has made it possible to study the time-stratigraphic relationships of volcanic and glacial structures in unprecedented detail and give insight into the g…
The 2-8 keV cosmic X-ray background spectrum as observed with XMM-Newton
Molendi, S.; De Luca, A.
We have measured the spectrum of the Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) in the 2-8 keV range with the high throughput EPIC/MOS instrument onboard XMM-Newton. A large sample of high galactic latitude observations was used, covering a total solid angle of 5.5 square degrees. Our study is based on a very careful characterization and subtraction of the ins…
Combined long and short time-scale X-ray variability of NGC 4051 with RXTE and XMM-Newton
Papadakis, I. E.; Page, M. J.; Uttley, P. +2 more
We present a comprehensive examination of the X-ray variability of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxy NGC 4051, one of the most variable active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the sky. We combine over 6.5 years of frequent monitoring observations by RXTE with a >100-ks continuous observation by XMM-Newton and so present an overall 2-10 keV power …
The jets and supercritical accretion disk in SS433
Fabrika, S.
The review describes observations and investigations of the unique object SS433 obtained after 23 years of studying this massive binary system. The main difference between SS433 and other known X-ray binaries is the action of a constant supercritical regime for the accretion of gas onto the relativistic star (most likely a black hole), which has l…
Old galaxies in the young Universe
Cimatti, A.; Daddi, E.; Rodighiero, G. +8 more
More than half of all stars in the local Universe are found in massive spheroidal galaxies, which are characterized by old stellar populations with little or no current star formation. In present models, such galaxies appear rather late in the history of the Universe as the culmination of a hierarchical merging process, in which larger galaxies ar…
Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument (MIMI) on the Cassini Mission to Saturn/Titan
Livi, S.; Hsieh, K. C.; Krupp, N. +22 more
The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the ic…
S4N: A spectroscopic survey of stars in the solar neighborhood. The Nearest 15 pc
Allende Prieto, C.; Lambert, D. L.; Barklem, P. S. +1 more
We report the results of a high-resolution spectroscopic survey of all the stars more luminous than M_V = 6.5 mag within 14.5 pc from the Sun. The Hipparcos catalog's completeness limits guarantee that our survey is comprehensive and free from some of the selection effects in other samples of nearby stars. The resulting spectroscopic database, whi…
The 24 Micron Source Counts in Deep Spitzer Space Telescope Surveys
Rigby, J. R.; Le Floc'h, E.; Dole, H. +20 more
Galaxy source counts in the infrared provide strong constraints on the evolution of the bolometric energy output from distant galaxy populations. We present the results from deep 24 µm imaging from Spitzer surveys, which include ~5×104 sources to an 80% completeness of ~=60 µJy. The 24 µm counts rapidly rise at near-Eu…
The Helium Abundances of ω Centauri
Norris, John E.
Recent Hubble Space Telescope color magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of ω Centauri, which clearly show three sequences in the region of the main-sequence turnoff together with a double lower main sequence, are explained in terms of three populations having canonical heavy-element abundances ([Fe/H]=-1.7, -1.2, and -0.6), reasonable proportions and ages, …
Torsional Oscillation, Meridional Flows, and Vorticity Inferred in the Upper Convection Zone of the Sun by Time-Distance Helioseismology
Zhao, Junwei; Kosovichev, Alexander G.
By applying time-distance helioseismology measurements and inversions to Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) dynamics campaign data, we obtain synoptic maps of subsurface plasma-flow fields at a depth of 0-12 Mm for seven solar Carrington rotations, covering the years 1996-2002, from solar-activity minimum to m…