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A super-massive Neptune-sized planet
Schlieder, Joshua E.; Howell, Steve B.; Cubillos, Patricio E. +54 more
Neptune-sized planets exhibit a wide range of compositions and densities, depending on factors related to their formation and evolution history, such as the distance from their host stars and atmospheric escape processes. They can vary from relatively low-density planets with thick hydrogen-helium atmospheres1,2 to higher-density planet…
Dynamical Evolution of White Dwarfs in Triples in the Era of Gaia
Angelo, Isabel; Naoz, Smadar; Hansen, Bradley M. S. +3 more
The Gaia mission has detected many white dwarfs (WDs) in binary and triple configurations, and while observations suggest that triple-stellar systems are common in our Galaxy, not much attention was devoted to WDs in triples. For stability reasons, these triples must have hierarchical configurations, i.e., two stars are on a tight orbit (the inner…
Evidence for a Massive Andromeda Galaxy Using Satellite Galaxy Proper Motions
Patel, Ekta; Mandel, Kaisey S.
We present new mass estimates for Andromeda (M31) using the orbital angular momenta of four satellite galaxies (M33, NGC 185, NGC 147, and IC 10) derived from existing proper motions, distances, and line-of-sight velocities. We infer two masses for M31: ${M}_{\mathrm{vir}}={2.85}_{-0.77}^{+1.47}\times {10}^{12}\,{M}_{\odot }$ using satellite galax…
Fast Radio Bursts as Probes of Magnetic Fields in Galaxies at z < 0.5
Simha, Sunil; Prochaska, J. Xavier; Rafelski, Marc +6 more
We present a sample of nine fast radio bursts (FRBs) from which we derive magnetic field strengths of the host galaxies represented by normal, z < 0.5 star-forming galaxies with stellar masses M * ≈ 108-1010.5 M ⊙. We find no correlation between the FRB rotation measure (RM) and redshift, which indica…
Stepped partially acoustic dark matter: likelihood analysis and cosmological tensions
Marques-Tavares, Gustavo; Buen-Abad, Manuel A.; Chacko, Zackaria +2 more
We generalize the recently proposed Stepped Partially Acoustic Dark Matter (SPartAcous) model by including additional massless degrees of freedom in the dark radiation sector. We fit SPartAcous and its generalization against cosmological precision data from the cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillations, large-scale structure, super…
Reconstructing the Assembly of Massive Galaxies. II. Galaxies Develop Massive and Dense Stellar Cores as They Evolve and Head toward Quiescence at Cosmic Noon
Giavalisco, Mauro; Ji, Zhiyuan
We use the spectral energy distribution fitting code PROSPECTOR to reconstruct the nonparametric star formation history (SFH) of massive ( $\mathrm{log}{M}_{* }\gt 10.3$ ) star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and quiescent galaxies (QGs) at redshift z obs ~ 2 to investigate the joint evolution of star formation activity and structural propertie…
CONCERTO: Simulating the CO, [CII], and [CI] line emission of galaxies in a 117 deg2 field and the impact of field-to-field variance
Hu, W.; Catalano, A.; Lagache, G. +29 more
In the submillimeter regime, spectral line scans and line intensity mapping (LIM) are new promising probes for the cold gas content and star formation rate of galaxies across cosmic time. However, both of these two measurements suffer from field-to-field variance. We study the effect of field-to-field variance on the predicted CO and [CII] power s…
Dissecting the interstellar medium of a z = 6.3 galaxy. X-shooter spectroscopy and HST imaging of the afterglow and environment of the Swift GRB 210905A
Covino, S.; Campana, S.; Salvaterra, R. +35 more
The study of the properties of galaxies in the first billion years after the Big Bang is one of the major topics of current astrophysics. Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of the afterglows of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) provides a powerful diagnostic tool to probe the interstellar medium (ISM) of their host galaxies and foreground absorbers…
JWST-TST Proper Motions. I. High-precision NIRISS Calibration and Large Magellanic Cloud Kinematics
Anderson, Jay; Stevenson, Kevin B.; MacDonald, Ryan J. +27 more
We develop and disseminate effective point-spread functions and geometric-distortion solutions for high-precision astrometry and photometry with the JWST NIRISS instrument. We correct field dependencies and detector effects, and assess the quality and the temporal stability of the calibrations. As a scientific application and validation, we study …
The Orbital and Physical Properties of Five Southern Be+sdO Binary Systems
Gies, Douglas R.; Wang, Luqian; Peters, Geraldine J. +1 more
Close binary interactions may play a critical role in the formation of the rapidly rotating Be stars. Mass transfer can result in a mass gainer star spun up by the accretion of mass and angular momentum, while the mass donor is stripped of its envelope to form a hot and faint helium star. Far-UV spectroscopy has led to the detection of about 20 su…