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Early Results from GLASS-JWST. XIII. A Faint, Distant, and Cold Brown Dwarf
Santini, Paola; Castellano, Marco; Fontana, Adriano +18 more
We present the serendipitous discovery of a late T-type brown dwarf candidate in JWST NIRCam observations of the Early Release Science Abell 2744 parallel field. The discovery was enabled by the sensitivity of JWST at 4 µm wavelengths and the panchromatic 0.9-4.5 µm coverage of the spectral energy distribution. The unresolved point sou…
Stellar Escape from Globular Clusters. I. Escape Mechanisms and Properties at Ejection
Chatterjee, Sourav; Kremer, Kyle; Weatherford, Newlin C. +3 more
The theory of stellar escape from globular clusters (GCs) dates back nearly a century, especially the gradual evaporation of GCs via two-body relaxation coupled with external tides. More violent ejection can also occur via strong gravitational scattering, supernovae, gravitational wave-driven mergers, tidal disruption events, and physical collisio…
Transition disks: the observational revolution from SEDs to imaging
van der Marel, Nienke
Protoplanetary disks surrounding young stars are the birth place of planets. Of particular interest are the transition disks with large inner dust cavities of tens of au, hinting at the presence of massive companions. These cavities were first recognized by a deficit in their Spectral Energy Distribution (SED), later confirmed by millimeter interf…
Bioverse: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Capabilities of Extremely Large Telescopes to Probe Earth-like O2 Levels in Nearby Transiting Habitable-zone Exoplanets
Pascucci, Ilaria; López-Morales, Mercedes; Apai, Dániel +2 more
Molecular oxygen is a strong indicator of life on Earth and may indicate biological processes on exoplanets too. Recent studies proposed that Earth-like O2 levels might be detectable on nearby exoplanets using high-resolution spectrographs on future extremely large telescopes (ELTs). However, these studies did not consider constraints l…
JWST's PEARLS: Transients in the MACS J0416.1-2403 Field
Grogin, Norman A.; Pirzkal, Nor; Conselice, Christopher J. +27 more
With its unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has opened a new window for time-domain discoveries in the infrared. Here we report observations in the only field that has received four epochs (spanning 126 days) of JWST NIRCam observations in Cycle 1. This field is toward MACS J0416.1-2403, which i…
Potential signature of a quadrupolar hubble expansion in Pantheon+supernovae
Dhawan, Suhail; Cowell, Jessica A.; Macpherson, Hayley J.
The assumption of isotropy - that the Universe looks the same in all directions on large scales - is fundamental to the standard cosmological model. It is therefore critical to empirically test in which regimes this assumption holds. Anisotropies in the cosmic expansion are expected due to non-linear structures in the late Universe. However, the e…
On the origin of the Galactic thin and thick discs, their abundance gradients and the diagnostic potential of their abundance ratios
Cristallo, Sergio; de Laverny, Patrick; Recio-Blanco, Alejandra +8 more
Using a semi-analytical model of the evolution of the Milky Way, we show how secular evolution can create distinct overdensities in the phase space of various properties (e.g. age versus metallicity or abundance ratios versus age) corresponding to the thin and thick discs. In particular, we show how key properties of the Solar vicinity can be obta…
The Magnificent Five Images of Supernova Refsdal: Time Delay and Magnification Measurements
Treu, Tommaso; Broadhurst, Tom; Filippenko, Alexei V. +28 more
In late 2014, four images of supernova (SN) "Refsdal," the first known example of a strongly lensed SN with multiple resolved images, were detected in the MACS J1149 galaxy-cluster field. Following the images' discovery, the SN was predicted to reappear within hundreds of days at a new position ~8″ away in the field. The observed reappearance in l…
HETDEX Public Source Catalog 1: 220 K Sources Including Over 50 K Lyα Emitters from an Untargeted Wide-area Spectroscopic Survey
Ouchi, Masami; Finkelstein, Steven L.; Schneider, Donald P. +43 more
We present the first publicly released catalog of sources obtained from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). HETDEX is an integral field spectroscopic survey designed to measure the Hubble expansion parameter and angular diameter distance at 1.88 < z < 3.52 by using the spatial distribution of more than a million Lyα-e…
First semi-empirical test of the white dwarf mass-radius relationship using a single white dwarf via astrometric microlensing
Casertano, Stefano; Anderson, Jay; McGill, Peter +15 more
In November 2019, the nearby single, isolated DQ-type white dwarf LAWD 37 (WD 1142-645) aligned closely with a distant background source and caused an astrometric microlensing event. Leveraging astrometry from Gaia and followup data from the Hubble Space Telescope, we measure the astrometric deflection of the background source and obtain a gravita…