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Abundant molecular oxygen in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Wurz, P.; Bochsler, P.; Altwegg, K. +30 more
The composition of the neutral gas comas of most comets is dominated by H2O, CO and CO2, typically comprising as much as 95 per cent of the total gas density. In addition, cometary comas have been found to contain a rich array of other molecules, including sulfuric compounds and complex hydrocarbons. Molecular oxygen (O2…
Lymanα Emission from a Luminous z = 8.68 Galaxy: Implications for Galaxies as Tracers of Cosmic Reionization
Labbé, Ivo; Stark, Daniel P.; Ellis, Richard S. +6 more
We report the discovery of Lyman-alpha emission (Lyα) in the bright galaxy EGSY-2008532660 (hereafter EGSY8p7) using the Multi-Object Spectrometer For Infra-Red Exploration spectrograph at the Keck Observatory. First reported by Roberts-Borsani et al., this galaxy was selected for spectroscopic observations because of its photometric redshift ({z}…
The first ultraviolet quasar-stacked spectrum at z ≃ 2.4 from WFC3
Vignali, C.; Lusso, E.; Prochaska, J. X. +4 more
The ionizing continuum from active galactic nuclei is fundamental for interpreting their broad emission lines and understanding their impact on the surrounding gas. Furthermore, it provides hints on how matter accretes on to supermassive black holes. Using Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3, we have constructed the first stacked ultravio…
Stellar Masses and Star Formation Rates for 1M Galaxies from SDSS+WISE
van der Wel, Arjen; Rix, Hans-Walter; da Cunha, Elisabete +1 more
We combine Sloan Digitital Sky Survey (SDSS) and WISE photometry for the full SDSS spectroscopic galaxy sample, creating spectral energy distributions (SEDs) that cover λ = 0.4-22 µm for an unprecedentedly large and comprehensive sample of 858,365 present-epoch galaxies. Using MAGPHYS, we then simultaneously and consistently model both the a…
The MOSDEF Survey: Mass, Metallicity, and Star-formation Rate at z ~ 2.3
Siana, Brian; Shapley, Alice E.; Reddy, Naveen A. +8 more
We present results on the z ~ 2.3 mass-metallicity relation (MZR) using early observations from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey. We use an initial sample of 87 star-forming galaxies with spectroscopic coverage of Hβ, [O III] λ5007, Hα, and [N II] λ6584 rest-frame optical emission lines, and estimate the gas-phase oxygen abundance based on …
The FIP and Inverse FIP Effects in Solar and Stellar Coronae
Laming, J. Martin
We review our state of knowledge of coronal element abundance anomalies in the Sun and stars. We concentrate on the first ionization potential (FIP) effect observed in the solar corona and slow-speed wind, and in the coronae of solar-like dwarf stars, and the "inverse FIP" effect seen in the corona of stars of later spectral type; specifically M d…
Constraining the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo with O VII and O VIII Emission Lines
Bregman, Joel N.; Miller, Matthew J.
The Milky Way hosts a hot (≈2 × 106 K), diffuse, gaseous halo based on detections of z = 0 O VII and O VIII absorption lines in quasar spectra and emission lines in blank-sky spectra. Here we improve constraints on the structure of the hot gas halo by fitting a radial model to a much larger sample of O VII and O VIII emission line measu…
CLASH: The Concentration-Mass Relation of Galaxy Clusters
Infante, L.; Zheng, W.; Molino, A. +38 more
We present a new determination of the concentration-mass (c-M) relation for galaxy clusters based on our comprehensive lensing analysis of 19 X-ray selected galaxy clusters from the Cluster Lensing and Supernova Survey with Hubble (CLASH). Our sample spans a redshift range between 0.19 and 0.89. We combine weak-lensing constraints from the Hubble …
The MOSDEF Survey: Excitation Properties of z ∼ 2.3 Star-forming Galaxies
Siana, Brian; Shapley, Alice E.; Reddy, Naveen A. +8 more
We present results on the excitation properties of z ∼ 2.3 galaxies using early observations from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field (MOSDEF) Survey. With its coverage of the full suite of strong rest-frame optical emission lines, MOSDEF provides an unprecedented view of the rest-frame optical spectra of a representative sample of distant star-formi…
A Detection of Water in the Transmission Spectrum of the Hot Jupiter WASP-12b and Implications for Its Atmospheric Composition
Madhusudhan, Nikku; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Stevenson, Kevin B. +8 more
Detailed characterization of exoplanets has begun to yield measurements of their atmospheric properties that constrain the planets’ origins and evolution. For example, past observations of the dayside emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-12b indicated that its atmosphere has a high carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O > 1), suggesting it had a diff…