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Constraining dark energy dynamics in extended parameter space
Di Valentino, Eleonora; Melchiorri, Alessandro; Silk, Joseph +1 more
Dynamical dark energy has been recently suggested as a promising and physical way to solve the 3 sigma tension on the value of the Hubble constant H0 between the direct measurement of Riess et al. (2016) (R16, hereafter) and the indirect constraint from cosmic microwave anisotropies obtained by the Planck satellite under the assumption …
The third data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey and associated data products
Hoekstra, Henk; Gwyn, Stephen D. J.; Heymans, Catherine +41 more
Context. The Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) is an ongoing optical wide-field imaging survey with the OmegaCAM camera at the VLT Survey Telescope. It aims to image 1500 square degrees in four filters (ugri). The core science driver is mapping the large-scale matter distribution in the Universe, using weak lensing shear and photometric redshift measureme…
A millimeter Continuum Size-Luminosity Relationship for Protoplanetary Disks
Wilner, David J.; Andrews, Sean M.; Birnstiel, Tilman +1 more
We present a survey at subarcsecond resolution of the 340 GHz dust continuum emission from 50 nearby protoplanetary disks, based on new and archival observations with the Submillimeter Array. The observed visibility data were modeled with a simple prescription for the radial surface brightness profile. The results were used to extract intuitive, e…
Possible Dark Matter Annihilation Signal in the AMS-02 Antiproton Data
Yuan, Qiang; Fan, Yi-Zhong; Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming +1 more
Using the latest AMS-02 cosmic-ray antiproton flux data, we search for a potential dark matter annihilation signal. The background parameters about the propagation, source injection, and solar modulation are not assumed a priori but based on the results inferred from the recent B / C ratio and proton data measurements instead. The possible dark ma…
Calibration of weak-lensing shear in the Kilo-Degree Survey
Hoekstra, H.; Merten, J.; Herbonnet, R. +3 more
We describe and test the pipeline used to measure the weak-lensing shear signal from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS). It includes a novel method of 'self-calibration' that partially corrects for the effect of noise bias. We also discuss the 'weight bias' that may arise in optimally weighted measurements, and present a scheme to mitigate that bias. T…
A Consistent Retrieval Analysis of 10 Hot Jupiters Observed in Transmission
Aigrain, S.; Irwin, P. G. J.; Sing, D. K. +1 more
We present a consistent optimal estimation retrieval analysis of 10 hot Jupiter exoplanets, each with transmission spectral data spanning the visible to near-infrared wavelength range. Using the NEMESIS radiative transfer and retrieval tool, we calculate a range of possible atmospheric states for WASP-6b, WASP-12b, WASP-17b, WASP-19b, WASP-31b, WA…
Three Radial Gaps in the Disk of TW Hydrae Imaged with SPHERE
Quanz, S. P.; Avenhaus, H.; Dominik, C. +24 more
We present scattered light images of the TW Hya disk performed with the Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch instrument in Polarimetric Differential Imaging mode at 0.63, 0.79, 1.24, and 1.62 µm. We also present H2/H3-band angular differential imaging (ADI) observations. Three distinct radial depressions in the polarized int…
Individual Dynamical Masses of Ultracool Dwarfs
Dupuy, Trent J.; Liu, Michael C.
We present the full results of our decade-long astrometric monitoring programs targeting 31 ultracool binaries with component spectral types M7-T5. Joint analysis of resolved imaging from Keck Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope and unresolved astrometry from CFHT/WIRCam yields parallactic distances for all systems, robust orbit determinations …
Lensing is low: cosmology, galaxy formation or new physics?
Viel, Matteo; Leauthaud, Alexie; Heymans, Catherine +19 more
We present high signal-to-noise galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey constant mass (CMASS) sample using 250 deg2 of weak-lensing data from Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey and Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 Survey. We compare this signal with predictions from mock catal…
The Interaction of Successive Coronal Mass Ejections: A Review
Temmer, Manuela; Wang, Yuming; Lugaz, Noé +1 more
We present a review of the different aspects associated with the interaction of successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the corona and inner heliosphere, focusing on the initiation of series of CMEs, their interaction in the heliosphere, the particle acceleration associated with successive CMEs, and the effect of compound events on Earth's mag…