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Chemical Abundances of Main-sequence, Turnoff, Subgiant, and Red Giant Stars from APOGEE Spectra. II. Atomic Diffusion in M67 Stars
Bovy, Jo; Pan, Kaike; Cunha, Katia +14 more
Chemical abundances for 15 elements (C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni) are presented for 83 stellar members of the 4 Gyr old solar-metallicity open cluster M67. The sample contains stars spanning a wide range of evolutionary phases, from G dwarfs to red clump stars. The abundances were derived from near-IR (λ1.5-1.7 µ…
Physical Characterization of an Unlensed, Dusty Star-forming Galaxy at z = 5.85
Finkelstein, Steven L.; Casey, Caitlin M.; Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. +23 more
We present a physical characterization of MM J100026.36+021527.9 (a.k.a. “MAMBO-9”), a dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) at z = 5.850 ± 0.001. This is the highest-redshift unlensed DSFG (and fourth most distant overall) found to date and is the first source identified in a new 2 mm blank-field map in the COSMOS field. Though identified in prior sam…
Signatures of resonance and phase mixing in the Galactic disc
Bovy, Jo; Kawata, Daisuke; Mackereth, J. Ted +3 more
Gaia DR2 has provided an unprecedented wealth of information about the kinematics of stars in the Solar neighbourhood, and has highlighted the degree of features in the Galactic disc. We confront the data with a range of bar and spiral models in both action-angle space, and the RG-vϕ plane. We find that the phase mixing induc…
XCLUMPY: X-Ray Spectral Model from Clumpy Torus and Its Application to the Circinus Galaxy
Fukazawa, Yasushi; Tanimoto, Atsushi; Ueda, Yoshihiro +3 more
We construct an X-ray spectral model from the clumpy torus in an active galactic nucleus, designated as “XCLUMPY,” utilizing the Monte Carlo simulation for Astrophysics and Cosmology framework. The adopted geometry of the torus is the same as that in Nenkova et al. who assume a power-law distribution of clumps in the radial direction and a normal …
Homogeneous Analysis of Hot Earths: Masses, Sizes, and Compositions
Winn, Joshua N.; Dai, Fei; Masuda, Kento +1 more
Terrestrial planets have been found orbiting Sun-like stars with extremely short periods—some as short as 4 hr. These “ultra-short-period planets” or “hot Earths” are so strongly irradiated that any initial H/He atmosphere has probably been lost to photoevaporation. As such, the sample of hot Earths may give us a glimpse at the rocky cores that ar…
GRRMHD simulations of tidal disruption event accretion discs around supermassive black holes: jet formation, spectra, and detectability
Narayan, Ramesh; Curd, Brandon
We report results from general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics (GRRMHD) simulations of a super-Eddington black hole (BH) accretion disc formed as a result of a tidal disruption event (TDE). We consider the fiducial case of a solar mass star on a mildly penetrating orbit disrupted by a supermassive BH of mass 10^6 M_⊙, and consider the …
Effects of anisotropic stress in interacting dark matter - dark energy scenarios
Yang, Weiqiang; Xu, Lixin; Pan, Supriya +1 more
We study a novel interacting dark energy - dark matter scenario where the anisotropic stress of the large-scale inhomogeneities is considered. The dark energy has a constant equation of state and the interaction model produces stable perturbations. The resulting picture is constrained using different astronomical data aiming to measure the impact …
Identification of Young Stellar Object candidates in the Gaia DR2 x AllWISE catalogue with machine learning methods
Szabados, L.; Beck, R.; Ábrahám, P. +8 more
The second Gaia Data Release (DR2) contains astrometric and photometric data for more than 1.6 billion objects with mean Gaia G magnitude <20.7, including many Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) in different evolutionary stages. In order to explore the YSO population of the Milky Way, we combined the Gaia DR2 data base with Wide-field Infrared Survey…
Upper Bound of Neutrino Masses from Combined Cosmological Observations and Particle Physics Experiments
Lahav, Ofer; Manera, Marc; Loureiro, Arthur +9 more
We investigate the impact of prior models on the upper bound of the sum of neutrino masses, ∑mν . Using data from the large scale structure of galaxies, cosmic microwave background, type Ia supernovae, and big bang nucleosynthesis, we argue that cosmological neutrino mass and hierarchy determination should be pursued using exact models,…
Disentangling the Planet from the Star in Late-Type M Dwarfs: A Case Study of TRAPPIST-1g
Bourrier, V.; Wakeford, H. R.; Lewis, N. K. +10 more
The atmospheres of late M stars represent a significant challenge in the characterization of any transiting exoplanets because of the presence of strong molecular features in the stellar atmosphere. TRAPPIST-1 is an ultracool dwarf, host to seven transiting planets, and contains its own molecular signatures that can potentially be imprinted on pla…