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Masses and Implications for Ages of Low-mass Pre-main-sequence Stars in Taurus and Ophiuchus
Schaefer, Gail H.; Grosso, N.; Prato, L. +8 more
The accuracy of masses of pre-main-sequence stars derived from their locations on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD) can be tested by comparison with accurate and precise masses determined independently. We present 29 single stars in the Taurus star-forming region (SFR) and 3 in the Ophiuchus SFR with masses measured dynamically to a precision …
A Warm Jupiter-sized Planet Transiting the Pre-main-sequence Star V1298 Tau
Hinkley, Sasha; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Isaacson, Howard T. +14 more
We report the detection of V1298 Tau b, a warm Jupiter-sized planet (R P = 0.91 ± 0.05 R Jup, P = 24.1 days) transiting a young solar analog with an estimated age of 23 Myr. The star and its planet belong to Group 29, a young association in the foreground of the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region. While hot Jupiters have been …
Cassini Ring Seismology as a Probe of Saturn’s Interior. I. Rigid Rotation
Fortney, Jonathan J.; Marley, Mark S.; Mankovich, Christopher +1 more
Seismology of the gas giants holds the potential to resolve long-standing questions about their internal structure and rotation state. We construct a family of Saturn interior models constrained by the gravity field and compute their adiabatic mode eigenfrequencies and corresponding Lindblad and vertical resonances in Saturn’s C ring, where more t…
The Wolf-Rayet binaries of the nitrogen sequence in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Spectroscopy, orbital analysis, formation, and evolution
Hamann, W. -R.; Oskinova, L. M.; Sander, A. A. C. +11 more
Context. Massive Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars dominate the radiative and mechanical energy budget of galaxies and probe a critical phase in the evolution of massive stars prior to core collapse. It is not known whether core He-burning WR stars (classical WR; cWR) form predominantly through wind stripping (w-WR) or binary stripping (b-WR). Whereas spectro…
The Black Hole-Bulge Mass Relation Including Dwarf Galaxies Hosting Active Galactic Nuclei
Greene, Jenny E.; Schutte, Zachary; Reines, Amy E.
We present a new relationship between central black hole (BH) mass and host galaxy stellar bulge mass extending to the lowest BH masses known in dwarf galaxies (M BH ≲ 105 M ⊙ M ⋆ ∼ 109 M ⊙). We have obtained visible and near-infrared Hubble Space Telescope imaging of seven dwarf ga…
The Vertical Motion History of Disk Stars throughout the Galaxy
Ting, Yuan-Sen; Rix, Hans-Walter
It has long been known that the vertical motions of Galactic disk stars increase with stellar age, commonly interpreted as vertical heating through orbit scattering. Here we map the vertical actions of disk stars as a function of age (τ ≤slant 8 {Gyr}) and across a large range of Galactocentric radii, {\overline{R}}GC}, drawing on APOGE…
A Multi-band Catalog of 10978 Star Clusters, Associations, and Candidates in the Milky Way
Bica, Eduardo; Pavani, Daniela B.; Bonatto, Charles J. +1 more
We present a catalog of Galactic star clusters, associations and candidates with 10978 entries. This multi-band catalog was constructed over 20 years, starting with visual inspections on the Digital Sky Survey and incremented with the 2MASS, WISE, VVV, Spitzer, and Herschel surveys. Large and small catalogs, as well as papers on individual objects…
An Ideal Testbed for Planet-Disk Interaction: Two Giant Protoplanets in Resonance Shaping the PDS 70 Protoplanetary Disk
Baruteau, Clément; Bae, Jaehan; Teague, Richard +7 more
While numerical simulations have been playing a key role in the studies of planet-disk interaction, testing numerical results against observations has been limited so far. With the two directly imaged protoplanets embedded in its circumstellar disk, PDS 70 offers an ideal testbed for planet-disk interaction studies. Using two-dimensional hydrodyna…
Enhanced cluster lensing models with measured galaxy kinematics
Rodighiero, G.; Grillo, C.; Rosati, P. +10 more
We present an improved determination of the total mass distribution of three massive clusters from the Cluster Lensing and Supernova Survey with Hubble and Hubble Frontier Fields, MACS J1206.2-0847 (z = 0.44), MACS J0416.1-2403 (z = 0.40), Abell S1063 (z = 0.35). We specifically reconstructed the sub-halo mass component with robust stellar kinemat…
Evidence for a Circumplanetary Disk around Protoplanet PDS 70 b
Pinte, Christophe; Casassus, Simon; Girard, Julien +5 more
We present the first observational evidence for a circumplanetary disk (CPD) around the protoplanet PDS 70 b, based on a new spectrum in the K-band acquired with Very Large Telescope/SINFONI. We tested three hypotheses to explain the spectrum: atmospheric emission from the planet with either (1) a single value of extinction, (2) a variable extinct…