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Mitigating flicker noise in high-precision photometry. I. Characterization of the noise structure, impact on the inferred transit parameters, and predictions for CHEOPS observations
Veronig, A.; Fossati, L.; Lendl, M. +4 more
Context. In photometry, the short-timescale stellar variability ("flicker"), such as that caused by granulation and solar-like oscillations, can reach amplitudes comparable to the transit depth of Earth-sized planets and is correlated over the typical transit timescales. It can introduce systematic errors on the inferred planetary parameters when …
Bridging the Planet Radius Valley: Stellar Clustering as a Key Driver for Turning Sub-Neptunes into Super-Earths
Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik; Longmore, Steven N.; Chevance, Mélanie
Extrasolar planets with sizes between that of the Earth and Neptune (Rp = 1-4 R⊕) have a bimodal radius distribution. This "planet radius valley" separates compact, rocky super-Earths (Rp = 1.0-1.8 R⊕) from larger sub-Neptunes (Rp = 1.8-3.5 R⊕) hosting a gaseous hydrogen-helium enve…
The Rise and Fall of the King: The Correlation between FO Aquarii's Low States and the White Dwarf's Spin-down
Walker, Gary; Garnavich, Peter; Littlefield, Colin +46 more
The intermediate polar FO Aquarii (FO Aqr) experienced its first reported low-accretion states in 2016, 2017, and 2018, and, using newly available photographic plates, we identify prediscovery low states in 1965, 1966, and 1974. The primary focus of our analysis, however, is an extensive set of time-series photometry obtained between 2002 and 2018…
Uranus in Northern Midspring: Persistent Atmospheric Temperatures and Circulations Inferred from Thermal Imaging
Fletcher, Leigh N.; Irwin, Patrick G. J.; Orton, Glenn S. +2 more
We present results from mid-infrared imaging of Uranus at wavelengths of 13.0 and 18.7 µm, sensing emission from the stratosphere and upper troposphere, acquired using the VISIR instrument at the Very Large Telescope, 2018 September 4-October 20. Using a combination of inverse and forward modeling, we analyze these northern midspring (L
Analysing the spectral energy distributions of Galactic classical Cepheids
Groenewegen, M. A. T.
Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) were constructed for a sample of 477 classical Cepheids (CCs); including stars that have been classified in the literature as such but are probably not. The SEDs were fitted with a dust radiative transfer code. Four stars showed a large mid- or far-infrared excess and the fitting then included a dust component.…
Precision angular diameters for 16 southern stars with VLTI/PIONIER
White, Timothy R.; Casagrande, Luca; Ireland, Michael J. +2 more
In the current era of Gaia and large, high signal-to-noise stellar spectroscopic surveys, there is an unmet need for a reliable library of fundamentally calibrated stellar effective temperatures based on accurate stellar diameters. Here, we present a set of precision diameters and temperatures for a sample of 6 dwarf, 5 sub-giant, and 5 giant star…
PHEBUS on Bepi-Colombo: Post-launch Update and Instrument Performance
Korablev, Oleg; Belyaev, Denis; Chaufray, Jean-Yves +14 more
The Bepi-Colombo mission was launched in October 2018, headed for Mercury. This mission is a collaboration between Europe and Japan. It is dedicated to the study of Mercury and its environment. It will be inserted into Mercury orbit in December 2025 after a 7-year long cruise. Probing of Hermean Exosphere By Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (PHEBUS) is an…
Tidal Interaction between the UX Tauri A/C Disk System Revealed by ALMA
Palau, Aina; Zapata, Luis A.; Rodríguez, Luis F. +5 more
We present sensitive and high angular-resolution (∼0"2-0"3) (sub)millimeter (230 and 345 GHz) continuum and CO(2-1)/CO(3-2) line archive observations of the disk star system in UX Tauri carried out with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array. These observations reveal the gas and dusty disk surrounding the young star UX Tauri A with a la…
Gaia and Hubble Unveil the Kinematics of Stellar Populations in the Type II Globular Clusters ω Centauri and M22
Da Costa, G. S.; Milone, A. P.; Cordoni, G. +8 more
The origin of multiple stellar populations in globular clusters (GCs) is one of the greatest mysteries of modern stellar astrophysics. N-body simulations suggest that the present-day dynamics of GC stars can constrain the events that occurred at high redshift and led to the formation of multiple populations. Here, we combine multiband photometry f…
Exploiting Orbital Constraints from Optical Data to Detect Binary Gamma-Ray Pulsars
Clark, C. J.; Nieder, L.; Allen, B. +1 more
It is difficult to discover pulsars via their gamma-ray emission because current instruments typically detect fewer than one photon per million rotations. This creates a significant computing challenge for isolated pulsars, where the typical parameter search space spans wide ranges in four dimensions. It is even more demanding when the pulsar is i…