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Eccentricity distribution of wide low-mass binaries
Tokovinin, Andrei
Distribution of eccentricities of very wide (up to 10 kau) low-mass binaries in the solar neighbourhood is studied using the catalogue of El-Badry and Rix (2018) based on Gaia. Direction and speed of relative motions in wide pairs contain statistical information on the eccentricity distribution, otherwise inaccessible owing to very long orbital pe…
The White Dwarf Opportunity: Robust Detections of Molecules in Earth-like Exoplanet Atmospheres with the James Webb Space Telescope
Vanderburg, Andrew; MacDonald, Ryan J.; McDowell, Jonathan C. +4 more
The near-term search for life beyond the solar system currently focuses on transiting planets orbiting small M dwarfs, and the challenges of detecting signs of life in their atmospheres. However, planets orbiting white dwarfs (WDs) would provide a unique opportunity to characterize rocky worlds. The discovery of the first transiting giant planet o…
Self-gravitating filament formation from shocked flows: velocity gradients across filaments
Ostriker, Eve C.; Chen, Che-Yu; Mundy, Lee G. +2 more
In typical environments of star-forming clouds, converging supersonic turbulence generates shock-compressed regions, and can create strongly magnetized sheet-like layers. Numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations show that within these post-shock layers, dense filaments and embedded self-gravitating cores form via gathering material along the magn…
Trojans in the Solar Neighborhood
D'Onghia, Elena; L. Aguerri, J. Alfonso
About 20% of stars in the solar vicinity are in the Hercules stream, a bundle of stars that move together with a velocity distinct from the Sun. Its origin is still uncertain. Here, we explore the possibility that Hercules is made of trojans, stars captured at L4, one of the Lagrangian points of the stellar bar. Using GALAKOS-a high-resolution N-b…
Thermal structure of the Venusian atmosphere from the sub-cloud region to the mesosphere as observed by radio occultation
Tellmann, Silvia; Pätzold, Martin; Imamura, Takeshi +9 more
We present distributions of the zonal-mean temperature and static stability in the Venusian atmosphere obtained from Venus Express and Akatsuki radio occultation profiles penetrating down to an altitude of 40 km. At latitudes equatorward of 75°, static stability derived from the observed temperature profiles is consistent with previous in-situ mea…
Scattering-induced Intensity Reduction: Large Mass Content with Small Grains in the Inner Region of the TW Hya disk
Kataoka, Akimasa; Tsukagoshi, Takashi; Ueda, Takahiro
Dust continuum observation is one of the best methods to constrain the properties of protoplanetary disks. Recent theoretical studies have suggested that dust scattering at the millimeter wavelength potentially reduces the observed intensity, which results in an underestimate in the dust mass. We investigate whether dust scattering indeed reduces …
Presupernova Neutrinos: Directional Sensitivity and Prospects for Progenitor Identification
Timmes, F. X.; Mukhopadhyay, Mainak; Lunardini, Cecilia +1 more
We explore the potential of current and future liquid scintillator neutrino detectors of ${ \mathcal O }(10)$ kt mass to localize a presupernova neutrino signal in the sky. In the hours preceding the core collapse of a nearby star (at distance $D\lesssim 1$ kpc), tens to hundreds of inverse beta decay events will be recorded, and their reconstruct…
Spectroscopically Confirmed Lyα Emitters from Redshift 5 to 7 behind 10 Galaxy Cluster Lenses
Hoag, A.; Bradač, M.; Treu, T. +10 more
We present 36 spectroscopically confirmed intrinsically UV-faint Lyα-emitting galaxies from follow-up observations with Keck/DEep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph of gravitationally lensed high-redshift candidates. Candidates were selected to be between 5 ≲ z ≲ 7 from photometric data using Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer imaging surveys. We p…
Understanding the origins of the heliosphere: integrating observations and measurements from Parker Solar Probe, Solar Orbiter, and other space- and ground-based observatories
Williams, D.; Solanki, S. K.; Müller, D. +28 more
Context. The launch of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) in 2018, followed by Solar Orbiter (SO) in February 2020, has opened a new window in the exploration of solar magnetic activity and the origin of the heliosphere. These missions, together with other space observatories dedicated to solar observations, such as the Solar Dynamics Observatory, Hinode, I…
Dust and gas content of high-redshift galaxies hosting obscured AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-South
Pozzi, F.; Feltre, A.; Fritz, J. +14 more
Context. Obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) represent a significant fraction of the entire AGN population, especially at high redshift (∼70% at z = 3 - 5). They are often characterized by the presence of large gas and dust reservoirs that are thought to sustain and possibly obscure vigorous star formation processes that make these objects shine…