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A global geomorphologic map of Saturn's moon Titan
Williams, D. A.; Hayes, A. G.; Wall, S. D. +10 more
Titan has an active methane-based hydrologic cycle1 that has shaped a complex geologic landscape2, making its surface one of most geologically diverse in the Solar System. Despite the differences in materials, temperatures and gravity fields between Earth and Titan, many of their surface features are similar and can be interp…
The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point: hierarchical modelling of red clump stars
Bovy, Jo; Chan, Victor C.
The systematic offset of Gaia parallaxes has been widely reported with Gaia's second data release, and it is expected to persist in future Gaia data. In order to use Gaia parallaxes to infer distances to high precision, we develop a hierarchical probabilistic model to determine the Gaia parallax zero-point offset along with the calibration of an e…
Improving transit characterisation with Gaussian process modelling of stellar variability
Cabrera, J.; Barros, S. C. C.; Santos, N. C. +4 more
Context. New photometric space missions to detect and characterise transiting exoplanets are focusing on bright stars to obtain high cadence, high signal-to-noise light curves. Since these missions will be sensitive to stellar oscillations and granulation even for dwarf stars, they will be limited by stellar variability. Therefore, it is crucial a…
Diagnosing the Stellar Population and Tidal Structure of the Blanco 1 Star Cluster
Tang, Shih-Yun; Chen, W. P.; Zhang, Yu +2 more
We present the stellar population, using Gaia DR2 parallax, kinematics, and photometry, of the young (∼100 Myr), nearby (∼230 pc) open cluster, Blanco 1. A total of 644 member candidates are identified via the unsupervised machine learning method StarGO to find the clustering in the five-dimensional position and proper motion parameter (X, Y, Z, $…
Resolving the Soft X-Ray Ultrafast Outflow in PDS 456
Reeves, J. N.; Braito, V.; Nardini, E. +3 more
Past X-ray observations of the nearby luminous quasar PDS 456 (at z = 0.184) have revealed a wide-angle accretion disk wind with an outflow velocity of ∼-0.25c, as observed through observations of its blueshifted iron K-shell absorption line profile. Here we present three new XMM-Newton observations of PDS 456: one in 2018 September where the quas…
Solar System Physics for Exoplanet Research
Löhne, T.; Marshall, J. P.; Dalba, P. A. +13 more
Over the past three decades, we have witnessed one of the great revolutions in our understanding of the cosmos—the dawn of the Exoplanet Era. Where once we knew of just one planetary system (the solar system), we now know of thousands, with new systems being announced on a weekly basis. Of the thousands of planetary systems we have found to date, …
A Census of Sub-kiloparsec Resolution Metallicity Gradients in Star-forming Galaxies at Cosmic Noon from HST Slitless Spectroscopy
Teplitz, Harry I.; Schmidt, Kasper B.; Treu, Tommaso +12 more
We present the hitherto largest sample of gas-phase metallicity radial gradients measured at sub-kpc resolution in star-forming galaxies in the redshift range of z ∈ [1.2, 2.3]. These measurements are enabled by the synergy of slitless spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope near-infrared channels and the lensing magnification from foreground…
The IACOB project. VI. On the elusive detection of massive O-type stars close to the ZAMS
Meynet, G.; Lennon, D. J.; Herrero, A. +7 more
Context. The apparent lack of massive O-type stars near the zero-age main sequence, or ZAMS (at ages <2 Myr), is a topic that has been widely discussed in the past 40 yr. Different explanations for the elusive detection of these young massive stars have been proposed from the observational and theoretical side, but no firm conclusions have been…
Physical Parameters of Late-type Contact Binaries in the Northern Catalina Sky Survey
Deng, Licai; de Grijs, Richard; Chen, Xiaodian +1 more
We present the physical parameters of 2335 late-type contact binary (CB) systems extracted from the Catalina Sky Survey (CSS). Our sample was selected from the CSS Data Release 1 by strictly limiting the prevailing temperature uncertainties and light-curve fitting residuals, allowing us to almost eliminate any possible contaminants. We developed a…
Discovery and astrophysical properties of Galactic open clusters in dense stellar fields using Gaia DR2
Corradi, W. J. B.; Ferreira, F. A.; Maia, F. F. S. +2 more
We report the discovery of 25 new open clusters resulting from a search in dense low Galactic latitude fields. We also provide, for the first time, structural and astrophysical parameters for the new findings and 34 other recently discovered open clusters using Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) data. The candidates were confirmed by jointly inspecting the…