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The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on Solar Orbiter
Schmidt, W.; Woch, J.; Solanki, S. K. +121 more
Aims: This paper describes the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on the Solar Orbiter mission (SO/PHI), the first magnetograph and helioseismology instrument to observe the Sun from outside the Sun-Earth line. It is the key instrument meant to address the top-level science question: How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections betw…
Discovery of a 2.8 s Pulsar in a 2 Day Orbit High-mass X-Ray Binary Powering the Ultraluminous X-Ray Source ULX-7 in M51
Salvaterra, R.; Haberl, F.; Tiengo, A. +26 more
We discovered 2.8 s pulsations in the X-ray emission of the ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) M51 ULX-7 within the UNSEeN project, which was designed to hunt for new pulsating ULXs (PULXs) with XMM-Newton. The pulse shape is sinusoidal, and large variations of its amplitude were observed even within single exposures (pulsed fraction from less than …
From the bulge to the outer disc: StarHorse stellar parameters, distances, and extinctions for stars in APOGEE DR16 and other spectroscopic surveys
Schultheis, M.; Minniti, D.; Bizyaev, D. +27 more
We combine high-resolution spectroscopic data from APOGEE-2 survey Data Release 16 (DR16) with broad-band photometric data from several sources as well as parallaxes from Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). Using the Bayesian isochrone-fitting code StarHorse, we derived the distances, extinctions, and astrophysical parameters for around 388 815 APOGEE star…
Can late dark energy transitions raise the Hubble constant?
Raveri, Marco; Hu, Wayne; Benevento, Giampaolo
Late times dark energy transitions at redshifts z ≪0.1 can raise the predicted value of the Hubble constant to the SH0ES value, 74.03 ±1.42 (km s-1 Mpc-1) or more, while providing an equally good fit as Λ CDM at 67.73 ±0.41 to higher redshift data, in particular from the cosmic microwave background and baryon acoustic oscilla…
How Well Can We Measure the Stellar Mass of a Galaxy: The Impact of the Assumed Star Formation History Model in SED Fitting
Conroy, Charlie; Johnson, Benjamin D.; Davé, Romeel +3 more
The primary method for inferring the stellar mass (M*) of a galaxy is through spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling. However, the technique rests on assumptions such as the galaxy star formation history (SFH) and dust attenuation law that can severely impact the accuracy of derived physical properties from SED modeling. Here we ex…
2SXPS: An Improved and Expanded Swift X-Ray Telescope Point-source Catalog
Cenko, S. B.; Tagliaferri, G.; Kennea, J. A. +8 more
We present the 2SXPS (Swift-XRT Point Source) catalog, containing 206,335 point sources detected by the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT) in the 0.3-10 keV energy range. This catalog represents a significant improvement over 1SXPS, with double the sky coverage (now 3790 deg2), and several significant developments in source detection and class…
The MOSDEF survey: direct-method metallicities and ISM conditions at z ∼ 1.5-3.5
Barro, Guillermo; Siana, Brian; Shapley, Alice E. +14 more
We present detections of [O III] λ4363 and direct-method metallicities for star-forming galaxies at z = 1.7-3.6. We combine new measurements from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field (MOSDEF) survey with literature sources to construct a sample of 18 galaxies with direct-method metallicities at z > 1, spanning 7.5 < 12+log(O/H) < 8.2 and log(…
A Volume-limited Sample of Cataclysmic Variables from Gaia DR2: Space Density and Population Properties
Knigge, C.; Hermes, J. J.; Gänsicke, B. T. +15 more
We present the first volume-limited sample of cataclysmic variables (CVs), selected using the accurate parallaxes provided by the second data release (DR2) of the European Space Agency Gaia space mission. The sample is composed of 42 CVs within 150 pc, including two new systems discovered using the Gaia data, and is $(77 \pm 10)$ per cent complete…
Axion and neutrino bounds improved with new calibrations of the tip of the red-giant branch using geometric distance determinations
Capozzi, Francesco; Raffelt, Georg
The brightness of the tip of the red-giant branch (TRGB) allows one to constrain novel energy losses that would lead to a larger core mass at helium ignition and, thus, to a brighter TRGB than expected by standard stellar models. The required absolute TRGB calibrations strongly improve with reliable geometric distances that have become available f…
The mineral diversity of Jezero crater: Evidence for possible lacustrine carbonates on Mars
Anderson, Ryan B.; Horgan, Briony H. N.; Dromart, Gilles +2 more
Noachian-aged Jezero crater is the only known location on Mars where clear orbital detections of carbonates are found in close proximity to clear fluvio-lacustrine features indicating the past presence of a paleolake; however, it is unclear whether or not the carbonates in Jezero are related to the lacustrine activity. This distinction is critical…