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Eridanus IV: an Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy Candidate Discovered in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey
Zenteno, A.; James, D. J.; Kuropatkin, N. +30 more
We present the discovery of a candidate ultra-faint Milky-Way satellite, Eridanus IV (DELVE J0505-0931), detected in photometric data from the DECam Local Volume Exploration survey (DELVE). Eridanus IV is a faint (MV = - 4.7 ± 0.2), extended ( ${r}_{1/2}={75}_{-13}^{+16}\,\mathrm{pc}$ ), and elliptical (ϵ = 0.54 ± 0.1) system at a helio…
Prestellar grain-surface origins of deuterated methanol in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
De Keyser, Johan; van Dishoeck, Ewine F.; Drozdovskaya, Maria N. +6 more
Deuterated methanol is one of the most robust windows astrochemists have on the individual chemical reactions forming deuterium-bearing molecules and the physicochemical history of the regions where they reside. The first-time detection of mono- and di-deuterated methanol in a cometary coma is presented for comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko using Ro…
METAL: The Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud Hubble Program. II. Variations of Interstellar Depletions and Dust-to-gas Ratio within the LMC
Jenkins, Edward B.; Yanchulova Merica-Jones, Petia; Gordon, Karl D. +9 more
A key component of the baryon cycle in galaxies is the depletion of metals from the gas to the dust phase in the neutral interstellar medium (ISM). The METAL (Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud) program on the Hubble Space Telescope acquired UV spectra toward 32 sight lines in the half-solar metallicity LMC, fr…
Testing fundamental physics with astrophysical transients
Wu, Xue-Feng; Wei, Jun-Jie
Explosive astrophysical transients at cosmological distances can be used to place precision tests of the basic assumptions of relativity theory, such as Lorentz invariance, the photon zero-mass hypothesis, and the weak equivalence principle (WEP). Signatures of Lorentz invariance violations (LIV) include vacuum dispersion and vacuum birefringence.…
TIC 168789840: A Sextuply Eclipsing Sextuple Star System
Kostov, Veselin B.; Powell, Brian P.; Rappaport, Saul A. +48 more
We report the discovery of a sextuply eclipsing sextuple star system from TESS data, TIC 168789840, also known as TYC 7037-89-1, the first known sextuple system consisting of three eclipsing binaries. The target was observed in Sectors 4 and 5 during Cycle 1, with lightcurves extracted from TESS Full Frame Image data. It was also previously observ…
CLASH-VLT: Abell S1063. Cluster assembly history and spectroscopic catalogue
Rodighiero, G.; Demarco, R.; Gruen, D. +31 more
Context. The processes responsible for galaxy evolution in different environments as a function of galaxy mass remain heavily debated. Rich galaxy clusters are ideal laboratories in which to distinguish the role of environmental versus mass quenching because they consist of a full range of galaxies and environments.
Aims: Using the CLASH-VLT …
A spectral survey of WASP-19b with ESPRESSO
MacDonald, Ryan J.; Brahm, Rafael; Sánchez-López, Alejandro +10 more
High-resolution precision spectroscopy provides a multitude of robust techniques for probing exoplanetary atmospheres. We present multiple VLT/ESPRESSO transit observations of the hot-Jupiter exoplanet WASP-19b with previously published but disputed atmospheric features from low resolution studies. Through spectral synthesis and modelling of the R…
Galactic potential constraints from clustering in action space of combined stellar stream data
Sharma, Sanjib; Helmi, Amina; Koppelman, Helmer H. +4 more
Stream stars removed by tides from their progenitor satellite galaxy or globular cluster act as a group of test particles on neighbouring orbits, probing the gravitational field of the Milky Way. While constraints from individual streams have been shown to be susceptible to biases, combining several streams from orbits with various distances reduc…
A major asymmetric ice trap in a planet-forming disk. II. Prominent SO and SO2 pointing to C/O < 1
Booth, Alice S.; van Dishoeck, Ewine F.; Leemker, Margot +2 more
Gas-phase sulphur-bearing volatiles appear to be severely depleted in protoplanetary disks. The detection of CS and the non-detections of SO and SO2 in many disks have shown that the gas in the warm molecular layer, where giant planets accrete their atmospheres, has a high C/O ratio. In this Letter, we report the detection of SO and SO<…
Coronal Hole Detection and Open Magnetic Flux
Temmer, Manuela; Vršnak, Bojan; Pinto, Rui F. +14 more
Many scientists use coronal hole (CH) detections to infer open magnetic flux. Detection techniques differ in the areas that they assign as open, and may obtain different values for the open magnetic flux. We characterize the uncertainties of these methods, by applying six different detection methods to deduce the area and open flux of a near-disk …