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CHEOPS precision phase curve of the Super-Earth 55 Cancri e
Guterman, P.; Alonso, R.; Deleuil, M. +79 more
Context. 55 Cnc e is a transiting super-Earth (radius 1.88 R⊕ and mass 8 M⊕) orbiting a G8V host star on a 17-h orbit. Spitzer observations of the planet's phase curve at 4.5 µm revealed a time-varying occultation depth, and MOST optical observations are consistent with a time-varying phase curve amplitude and phase off…
Formation and dynamics of water clouds on temperate sub-Neptunes: the example of K2-18b
Bézard, B.; Charnay, B.; Leconte, J. +3 more
Context. Hubble Space Telescope (HST) spectroscopic transit observations of the temperate sub-Neptune K2-18b were interpreted as the presence of water vapour with potential water clouds. 1D modelling studies also predict the formation of water clouds in K2-18b's atmosphere in some conditions. However, such models cannot predict the cloud cover, wh…
Introducing the LBT Imaging of Galactic Halos and Tidal Structures (LIGHTS) survey. A preview of the low surface brightness Universe to be unveiled by LSST
Trujillo, Ignacio; Sand, David J.; Zaritsky, Dennis +10 more
We present the first results of the LBT Imaging of Galaxy Haloes and Tidal Structures (LIGHTS) survey. LIGHTS is an ongoing observational campaign with the 2 × 8.4 m Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) aiming to explore the stellar haloes and the low surface brightness population of satellites down to a depth of µV ∼ 31 mag arcsec
Evolution of the Exoplanet Size Distribution: Forming Large Super-Earths Over Billions of Years
Angus, Ruth; Foreman-Mackey, Daniel; Bedell, Megan +8 more
The radius valley, a bifurcation in the size distribution of small, close-in exoplanets, is hypothesized to be a signature of planetary atmospheric loss. Such an evolutionary phenomenon should depend on the age of the star-planet system. In this work, we study the temporal evolution of the radius valley using two independent determinations of host…
A new radio census of neutron star X-ray binaries
Maccarone, T. J.; Degenaar, N.; Wijnands, R. +16 more
We report new radio observations of a sample of 36 neutron star (NS) X-ray binaries, more than doubling the sample in the literature observed at current-day sensitivities. These sources include 13 weakly magnetized (B < 1010 G) and 23 strongly magnetized (B ≥ 1010 G) NSs. 16 of the latter category reside in high-mass X-ray…
Systematic KMTNet Planetary Anomaly Search. I. OGLE-2019-BLG-1053Lb, a Buried Terrestrial Planet
Han, Cheongho; Udalski, Andrzej; Lee, Chung-Uk +71 more
In order to exhume the buried signatures of "missing planetary caustics" in Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) data, we conducted a systematic anomaly search of the residuals from point-source point-lens fits, based on a modified version of the KMTNet EventFinder algorithm. This search revealed the lowest-mass-ratio planetary caustic to…
The UV-brightest Lyman continuum emitting star-forming galaxy
Pérez-Fournon, I.; Schaerer, D.; Marques-Chaves, R. +5 more
We report the discovery of J0121+0025, an extremely luminous and young star-forming galaxy (MUV = -24.11, log[$L_{\rm Ly \alpha } / \rm erg~s^{-1}] = 43.8$) at z = 3.244 showing copious Lyman continuum (LyC) leakage ($f_{\rm esc, abs} \approx 40{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$). High signal-to-noise ratio rest-frame UV spectroscopy with the Gran Te…
Lyman-α constraints on cosmic heating from dark matter annihilation and decay
Slatyer, Tracy R.; Liu, Hongwan; Qin, Wenzer +1 more
We derive new constraints on models of decaying and annihilating dark matter (DM) by requiring that the energy injected into the intergalactic medium (IGM) not overheat it at late times, when measurements of the Lyman-α forest constrain the IGM temperature. We improve upon previous analyses by using the recently developed DarkHistory code package,…
A Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE). IX. The effects of ram pressure stripping down to the scale of individual HII regions in the dwarf galaxy IC 3476
Ferrarese, L.; Boquien, M.; Galbany, L. +25 more
We study the IB(s)m galaxy IC 3476 observed in the context of the Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE), a blind narrow-band Hα+[NII] imaging survey of the Virgo cluster carried out with MegaCam at the CFHT. The deep narrow-band image reveals a very pertubed ionised gas distribution that is characterised by a prominent …
Chemical evidence for planetary ingestion in a quarter of Sun-like stars
Bedell, Megan; Casey, Andrew R.; Carlos, Marília +5 more
Stellar members of binary systems are formed from the same material, and therefore they should be chemically identical. However, recent studies have unveiled chemical differences between the two members of binary pairs composed of Sun-like stars. These chemically inhomogeneous binaries represent one of the most contradictory examples in stellar as…