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A compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars
Bitsch, Bertram; Sousa, Sérgio G.; Martioli, Eder +17 more
Stars and planets both form by accreting material from a surrounding disk. Because they grow from the same material, theory predicts that there should be a relationship between their compositions. In this study, we search for a compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars. We estimate the iron-mass fraction of rocky exoplanets …
A Large Fraction of Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors Experience Elevated Mass Loss Shortly Prior to Explosion
Cenko, S. Bradley; Duev, Dmitry A.; Riddle, Reed +45 more
Spectroscopic detection of narrow emission lines traces the presence of circumstellar mass distributions around massive stars exploding as core-collapse supernovae. Transient emission lines disappearing shortly after the supernova explosion suggest that the material spatial extent is compact and implies an increased mass loss shortly prior to expl…
Internal mixing of rotating stars inferred from dipole gravity modes
Bowman, Dominic M.; Aerts, Conny; Gebruers, Sarah +7 more
During most of their life, stars fuse hydrogen into helium in their cores. The mixing of chemical elements in the radiative envelope of stars with a convective core is able to replenish the core with extra fuel. If effective, such deep mixing allows stars to live longer and change their evolutionary path. Yet localized observations to constrain in…
Lyman continuum leakage from low-mass galaxies with M⋆ < 108 M⊙
Chisholm, J.; Schaerer, D.; Thuan, T. X. +5 more
We present observations with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope of nine low-mass star-forming galaxies at redshifts, z, in the range 0.3179-0.4524, with stellar masses $M_\star \, \lt $ 108 M⊙ and very high specific star-formation rates sSFR ~150-630 Gyr-1, aiming to study the depend…
Dark matter local density determination: recent observations and future prospects
Widmark, A.; de Salas, Pablo F.
This report summarises progress made in estimating the local density of dark matter (ρDM,⊙), a quantity that is especially important for dark matter direct detection experiments. We outline and compare the most common methods to estimate ρDM,⊙ and the results from recent studies, including those that have benefited from the o…
Water in star-forming regions: physics and chemistry from clouds to disks as probed by Herschel spectroscopy
de Graauw, Th.; Liseau, R.; Braine, J. +50 more
Context. Water is a key molecule in the physics and chemistry of star and planet formation, but it is difficult to observe from Earth. The Herschel Space Observatory provided unprecedented sensitivity as well as spatial and spectral resolution to study water. The Water In Star-forming regions with Herschel (WISH) key program was designed to observ…
Atmospheric Rossiter-McLaughlin effect and transmission spectroscopy of WASP-121b with ESPRESSO
Bouchy, F.; Rebolo, R.; Pallé, E. +41 more
Context. Ultra-hot Jupiters are excellent laboratories for the study of exoplanetary atmospheres. WASP-121b is one of the most studied; many recent analyses of its atmosphere report interesting features at different wavelength ranges.
Aims: In this paper we analyze one transit of WASP-121b acquired with the high-resolution spectrograph ESPRES…
Extreme-UV quiet Sun brightenings observed by the Solar Orbiter/EUI
Haberreiter, M.; Mierla, M.; Zhukov, A. N. +25 more
Context. The heating of the solar corona by small heating events requires an increasing number of such events at progressively smaller scales, with the bulk of the heating occurring at scales that are currently unresolved.
Aims: The goal of this work is to study the smallest brightening events observed in the extreme-UV quiet Sun.
Method…
Gaia Early Data Release 3. Structure and properties of the Magellanic Clouds
Prusti, T.; Mazeh, T.; Zucker, S. +417 more
Context. This work is part of the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium papers published with the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3). It is one of the demonstration papers aiming to highlight the improvements and quality of the newly published data by applying them to a scientific case.
Aims: We use the Gaia EDR3 data to study the struct…
Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling the gas thermodynamics in BOSS CMASS galaxies from kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements
Hilton, Matt; Sifón, Cristóbal; Battaglia, Nicholas +52 more
The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ, kSZ) probe the thermodynamic properties of the circumgalactic and intracluster medium (CGM and ICM) of galaxies, groups, and clusters, since they are proportional, respectively, to the integrated electron pressure and momentum along the line of sight. We present constraints on the gas ther…