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A double take on early and interacting dark energy from JWST
Melchiorri, Alessandro; Mena, Olga; Nunes, Rafael C. +4 more
The very first light captured by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) revealed a population of galaxies at very high redshifts more massive than expected in the canonical ΛCDM model of structure formation. Barring, among others, a systematic origin of the issue, in this paper, we test alternative cosmological perturbation histories. We argue that…
Beyond Gaia DR3: Tracing the [α/M] - [M/H] bimodality from the inner to the outer Milky Way disc with Gaia-RVS and convolutional neural networks
Guiglion, G.; Fabbro, S.; Valentini, M. +17 more
Context. In June 2022, Gaia DR3 provided the astronomy community with about one million spectra from the Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) covering the CaII triplet region. In the next Gaia data releases, we anticipate the number of RVS spectra to successively increase from several 10 million spectra to eventually more than 200 million spectra. T…
A mature quasar at cosmic dawn revealed by JWST rest-frame infrared spectroscopy
Henning, Thomas; Costantin, Luca; Langeroodi, Danial +29 more
The rapid assembly of the first supermassive black holes is an enduring mystery. Until now, it was not known whether quasar `feeding' structures (the `hot torus') could assemble as fast as the smaller-scale quasar structures. We present JWST/MRS (rest-frame infrared) spectroscopic observations of the quasar J1120+0641 at z = 7.0848 (well within th…
The Three-phase Evolution of the Milky Way
Conroy, Charlie; Hernquist, Lars; Li, Jiadong +6 more
We illustrate the formation and evolution of the Milky Way over cosmic time, utilizing a sample of 10 million red giant stars with full chemodynamical information, including metallicities and α-abundances from low-resolution Gaia XP spectra. The evolution of angular momentum as a function of metallicity—a rough proxy for stellar age, particularly …
A nebular origin for the persistent radio emission of fast radio bursts
Tripodi, Roberta; Savaglio, Sandra; Zhang, Bing +12 more
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration, bright (approximately Jy) extragalactic bursts, whose production mechanism is still unclear1. Recently, two repeating FRBs were found to have a physically associated persistent radio source of non-thermal origin2,3. These two FRBs have unusually large Faraday rotation measure…
Hubble tension or distance ladder crisis?
Perivolaropoulos, Leandros
We present an up-to-date compilation of published Hubble constant (
Triage of the Gaia DR3 astrometric orbits. II. A census of white dwarfs
Mazeh, T.; Shahaf, S.; Toonen, S. +4 more
The third data release of Gaia was the first to include orbital solutions assuming non-single stars. Here, we apply the astrometric triage technique of Shahaf et al. to identify binary star systems with companions that are not single main-sequence stars. Gaia's synthetic photometry of these binaries is used to distinguish between systems likely to…
GJ 367b Is a Dark, Hot, Airless Sub-Earth
Knutson, Heather A.; Hu, Renyu; Dai, Fei +6 more
We present the mid-infrared (5–12 µm) phase curve of GJ 367b observed by the Mid-Infrared Instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). GJ 367b is a hot (T eq = 1370 K), extremely dense (10.2 ± 1.3 g cm‑3) sub-Earth orbiting an M dwarf on a 0.32 day orbit. We measure an eclipse depth of 79 ± 4 ppm, a nightside pl…
PDRs4All. II. JWST's NIR and MIR imaging view of the Orion Nebula
Hartigan, Patrick; Zhang, Yong; Gordon, Karl D. +139 more
Context. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has captured the most detailed and sharpest infrared (IR) images ever taken of the inner region of the Orion Nebula, the nearest massive star formation region, and a prototypical highly irradiated dense photo-dissociation region (PDR).
Aims: We investigate the fundamental interaction of far-ultra…
Unveiling the hidden Universe with JWST: the contribution of dust-obscured galaxies to the stellar mass function at z 3 - 8
Xiao, M.; Brammer, G.; Toft, S. +17 more
With the advent of JWST, we can probe the rest-frame optical emission of galaxies at $z\gt 3$ with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, making it possible to accurately characterize red, optically faint galaxies and thus move towards a more complete census of the galaxy population at high redshifts. To this end, we present a sample of 148 mass…