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On the Formation of Planets in the Milky Way's Thick Disk
Lee, Eve J.; Hallatt, Tim
Exoplanet demographic surveys have revealed that close-in (≲1 au) small planets orbiting stars in the Milky Way's thick disk are ∼50% less abundant than those orbiting stars in the Galactic thin disk. One key difference between the two stellar populations is the time at which they emerged: thick-disk stars are the likely product of cosmic noon (re…
Internal dynamics of multiple populations in 28 Galactic globular clusters: a wide-field study with Gaia and the Hubble Space Telescope
Milone, A. P.; Cordoni, G.; Marino, A. F. +13 more
We present a detailed analysis of the internal dynamics of multiple stellar populations (MPs) in 28 Galactic globular clusters (GCs) across a wide field of view, extending from the innermost regions to the clusters' outskirts. Using astrophotometric catalogues from ground-based observations, Gaia and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), we identify f…
Spatially coherent 3D distributions of HI and CO in the Milky Way
Edenhofer, Gordian; Mertsch, Philipp; Söding, Laurin +6 more
Context. The spatial distribution of the gaseous components of the Milky Way is of great importance for a number of different fields, for example, Galactic structure, star formation, and cosmic rays. However, obtaining distance information to gaseous clouds in the interstellar medium from Doppler-shifted line emission is notoriously difficult give…
Significant Mutual Inclinations Between the Stellar Spin and the Orbits of Both Planets in the HAT-P-11 System
Brandt, Timothy D.; Brandt, G. Mirek; Li, Gongjie +2 more
Planet–star obliquity and planet–planet mutual inclination encode a planetary system's dynamical history, but both of their values are hard to measure for misaligned systems with close-in companions. HAT-P-11 is a K4 star with two known planets: a close-in, misaligned super-Neptune with a ≈5 day orbit, and an outer super-Jupiter with a ≈10 yr orbi…
Detection of the [O I] 63 µm emission line from the z = 6.04 quasar J2054-0005
Fujimoto, Seiji; Inoue, Akio K.; Hashimoto, Takuya +23 more
We report the highest-redshift detection of [O I] 63
Constraining Atmospheric Composition from the Outflow: Helium Observations Reveal the Fundamental Properties of Two Planets Straddling the Radius Gap
Knutson, Heather A.; Horne, Keith; Collins, Karen A. +13 more
TOI-836 is a ∼2–3 Gyr K dwarf with an inner super Earth (R = 1.7 R⊕, P = 3.8 days) and an outer mini-Neptune (R = 2.6 R⊕, P = 8.6 days). JWST/NIRSpec 2.8–5.2 µm transmission spectra are flat for both planets. We present Keck/NIRSPEC observations of escaping helium for super-Earth b, which shows no excess absorption in t…
Representation learning for time-domain high-energy astrophysics: Discovery of extragalactic fast X-ray transient XRT 200515
Soria, Roberto; Kashyap, Vinay L.; Martínez-Galarza, Juan Rafael +2 more
We present a novel representation learning method for downstream tasks like anomaly detection, unsupervised classification, and similarity searches in high-energy data sets. This enabled the discovery of a new extragalactic fast X-ray transient (FXT) in Chandra archival data, XRT 200515, a needle-in-the-haystack event and the first Chandra FXT of …
Testing the Breakdown of the Asteroseismic Scaling Relations in Luminous Red Giants
Pinsonneault, Marc H.; Vrard, Mathieu; Zinn, Joel C. +1 more
Nearly all cool, evolved stars are solar-like oscillators, and fundamental stellar properties can be inferred from these oscillations with asteroseismology. Scaling relations are commonly used to relate global asteroseismic properties—the frequency of maximum power
Characterization of a Peculiar Einstein Probe Transient EP240408a: An Exotic Gamma-Ray Burst or an Abnormal Jetted Tidal Disruption Event?
Buckley, David; Cenko, S. Bradley; Klingler, Noel +30 more
We present the results of our multiwavelength (X-ray to radio) follow-up campaign of the Einstein Probe transient EP240408a. The initial 10 s trigger displayed bright soft X-ray (0.5–4 keV) radiation with peak luminosity LX ≳ 1049 (1050) erg s‑1 for an assumed redshift z ≳ 0.5 (2.0). The Neil Gehrels Swi…
Primordial black holes in SB SUSY Gauss-Bonnet inflation
Ashrafzadeh, A.; Solbi, M.; Heydari, S. +1 more
Here, we explore the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) within a scalar field inflationary model coupled to the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term, incorporating the low-scale spontaneously broken supersymmetric (SB SUSY) potential. The coupling function amplifies the curvature perturbations, consequently leading to the formation of PBHs and detectabl…