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EMPRESS. XIII. Chemical Enrichment of Young Galaxies Near and Far at z ∼ 0 and 4–10: Fe/O, Ar/O, S/O, and N/O Measurements with a Comparison of Chemical Evolution Models
Ono, Yoshiaki; Ouchi, Masami; Harikane, Yuichi +14 more
We present gas-phase elemental abundance ratios of thirteen local extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs), including our new Keck/LRIS spectroscopy determinations together with 33 James Webb Space Telescope z ∼ 4–10 star-forming galaxies in the literature, and compare chemical evolution models. We develop chemical evolution models with the yields of…
Building the First Galaxies—Chapter 2. Starbursts Dominate the Star Formation Histories of 6 < z < 12 Galaxies
Carniani, Stefano; Bunker, Andrew J.; Stark, Daniel P. +12 more
We use SEDz*—a code designed to chart the star formation histories (SFHs) of 6 < z < 12 galaxies—to analyze the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 894 galaxies with deep JWST/NIRCam imaging by JADES in the GOODS-S field. We show how SEDz* matches observed SEDs using stellar-population templates, graphing the contribution of each epoch b…
Nightside clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on the hot Jupiter WASP-43b
Carter, Aarynn L.; Gibson, Neale P.; Helling, Christiane +80 more
Hot Jupiters are among the best-studied exoplanets, but it is still poorly understood how their chemical composition and cloud properties vary with longitude. Theoretical models predict that clouds may condense on the nightside and that molecular abundances can be driven out of equilibrium by zonal winds. Here we report a phase-resolved emission s…
GA-NIFS: an extremely nitrogen-loud and chemically stratified galaxy at z 5.55
Charlot, Stéphane; Übler, Hannah; D'Eugenio, Francesco +11 more
We report the chemical abundance pattern of GS_3073, a galaxy hosting an overmassive active black hole at
A Strong He II λ1640 Emitter with an Extremely Blue UV Spectral Slope at z = 8.16: Presence of Population III Stars?
Arrabal Haro, Pablo; Ji, Zhiyuan; Brammer, Gabriel +12 more
Cosmic hydrogen reionization and cosmic production of the first metals are major phase transitions of the Universe occurring during the first billion years after the Big Bang; however, these are still underexplored observationally. Using the JWST/NIRSpec prism spectroscopy, we report the discovery of a sub-L * galaxy at z spec
The SN 2023ixf Progenitor in M101. II. Properties
Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Matheson, Thomas; Howell, Steve B. +12 more
We follow our first paper with an analysis of the ensemble of the extensive preexplosion ground- and space-based infrared observations of the red supergiant (RSG) progenitor candidate for the nearby core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf in Messier 101, together with optical data prior to the explosion obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). W…
JWST spectroscopy of z 5-8 UV-selected galaxies: new constraints on the evolution of the Ly α escape fraction in the reionization era
Charlot, Stéphane; Chen, Zuyi; Tang, Mengtao +5 more
We describe JWST/NIRSpec prism measurements of Ly α emission in z ≳ 5 galaxies. We identify Ly α detections in 10 out of 69 galaxies with robust rest-optical emission-line redshift measurements at 5 ≤ z < 7 in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) and DDT-2750 observations of the Extended Groth Strip field. Galaxies at z ≃ 6 with f…
Peering into cosmic reionization: Lyα visibility evolution from galaxies at z = 4.5-8.5 with JWST
Hu, W.; Kartaltepe, J. S.; Dickinson, M. +30 more
The resonant scattering interaction between Lyα photons and neutral hydrogen implies that a partially neutral intergalactic medium has the ability to significantly impact the detectability of Lyα emission in galaxies. Thus, the redshift evolution of the Lyα equivalent width distribution of galaxies offers a key observational probe of the degree of…
A secondary atmosphere on the rocky exoplanet 55 Cancri e
Knutson, Heather A.; Hu, Renyu; Dragomir, Diana +14 more
Characterizing rocky exoplanets is a central aim of astronomy, and yet the search for atmospheres on rocky exoplanets has so far resulted in either tight upper limits on the atmospheric mass1-3 or inconclusive results4-6. The 1.95REarth and 8.8MEarth planet 55 Cancri e (abbreviated 55 Cnc e), with a pred…
Lensed Type Ia Supernova "Encore" at z = 2: The First Instance of Two Multiply Imaged Supernovae in the Same Host Galaxy
Pérez-Fournon, I.; Fox, O. D.; Diego, J. M. +60 more
A bright (m F150W,AB = 24 mag), z = 1.95 supernova (SN) candidate was discovered in JWST/NIRCam imaging acquired on 2023 November 17. The SN is quintuply imaged as a result of strong gravitational lensing by a foreground galaxy cluster, detected in three locations, and remarkably is the second lensed SN found in the same host galaxy. Th…