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The dark matter profile of the Milky Way inferred from its circular velocity curve
Frebel, Anna; Eilers, Anna-Christina; Necib, Lina +1 more
In this paper, we construct the circular velocity curve of the Milky Way out to ~30 kpc, providing an updated model of the dark matter density profile. We derive precise parallaxes for 120 309 stars with a data-driven model, using APOGEE DR17 spectra combined with GaiaDR3, 2MASS, and WISE photometry. At outer galactic radii up to 30 kpc, we find a…
A dormant overmassive black hole in the early Universe
Charlot, Stéphane; Chevallard, Jacopo; Carniani, Stefano +25 more
Recent observations have found a large number of supermassive black holes already in place in the first few hundred million years after the Big Bang, many of which seem to be overmassive relative to their host galaxy stellar mass when compared with local relation1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8–9. Several different models have been proposed to ex…
CEERS: Diversity of Lyα Emitters during the Epoch of Reionization
Papovich, Casey; Finkelstein, Steven L.; Arrabal Haro, Pablo +31 more
We analyze rest-frame ultraviolet to optical spectra of three z ≃ 7.47–7.75 galaxies whose Lyα emission lines were previously detected with Keck/MOSFIRE observations, using the JWST/NIRSpec observations from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science survey. From NIRSpec data, we confirm the systemic redshifts of these Lyα emitters, and emission-l…
Exploring the nature of UV-bright z ≳ 10 galaxies detected by JWST: star formation, black hole accretion, or a non-universal IMF?
Graziani, Luca; Schneider, Raffaella; Chon, Sunmyon +4 more
We use the Cosmic Archaeology Tool (CAT) semi-analytical model to explore the contribution of Population (Pop) III/II stars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to the galaxy ultraviolet (UV) luminosity function (LF) evolution at 4 ≤ z ≤ 20. We compare in particular with recent JWST data in order to explore the apparent tension between observations a…
Deep Synoptic Array Science: First FRB and Host Galaxy Catalog
Hallinan, Gregg; Hodges, Mark; Lamb, James W. +19 more
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are a powerful and mysterious new class of transients that are luminous enough to be detected at cosmological distances. By associating FRBs to host galaxies, we can measure intrinsic and environmental properties that test FRB origin models, in addition to using them as precise probes of distant cosmic gas. The Deep Synopt…
Active Galactic Nuclei Selection and Demographics: A New Age with JWST/MIRI
Pérez-González, Pablo G.; Bunker, Andrew J.; Scholtz, Jan +19 more
Understanding the coevolution of supermassive black holes and their host systems requires a comprehensive census of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) behavior across a wide range of redshift, luminosity, obscuration level, and galaxy properties. We report significant progress with JWST toward this goal from the Systematic Mid-infrared Instrument Legac…
Extreme N-emitters at high redshift: Possible signatures of supermassive stars and globular cluster or black hole formation in action
Schaerer, D.; Marques-Chaves, R.; Brammer, G. +9 more
Context. Recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) spectroscopic observations of the z = 10.6 galaxy GN-z11 have revealed a very peculiar UV spectrum exhibiting intense emission lines of nitrogen, which are not typically detected in galaxy spectra. This observation indicates a super-solar N/O abundance ratio at low metallicity, which only resembles…
JWST Observations Reject Unrecognized Crowding of Cepheid Photometry as an Explanation for the Hubble Tension at 8σ Confidence
Casertano, Stefano; Dolphin, Andrew; Riess, Adam G. +7 more
We present high-definition observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of >1000 Cepheids in a geometric anchor of the distance ladder, NGC 4258, and in five hosts of eight Type Ia supernovae, a far greater sample than previous studies with JWST. These galaxies individually contain the largest samples of Cepheids, an average of >1…
Deciphering the JWST spectrum of a 'little red dot' at z ∼ 4.53: An obscured AGN and its star-forming host
Heintz, Kasper E.; Brammer, Gabriel; Coe, Dan +10 more
JWST has revealed a class of numerous, extremely compact sources with rest-frame red optical/near-infrared (NIR) and blue ultraviolet (UV) colours nicknamed 'little red dots'. We present one of the highest signal-to-noise ratio JWST NIRSpec prism spectra of a little red dot, J0647_1045 at z = 4.5319 ± 0.0001, and examine its NIRCam morphology to d…
Reionization after JWST: a photon budget crisis?
Chisholm, John; Mason, Charlotte; Furlanetto, Steven R. +2 more
New JWST observations are revealing the first galaxies to be prolific producers of ionizing photons, which we argue gives rise to a tension between different probes of reionization. Over the last two decades, a consensus has emerged where star-forming galaxies are able to generate enough photons to drive reionization, given reasonable values for t…