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Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) Emission Characteristics at the Moon and Mercury From 3D Regolith Simulations of Solar Wind Reflection
Wurz, P.; Fatemi, S.; Vorburger, A. +3 more
The reflection of solar wind protons as energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) from the lunar surface has regularly been used to study the plasma-surface interaction at the Moon. However, there still exists a fundamental lack of knowledge of the scattering process. ENA emission from the surface is expected to similarly occur at Mercury and will be studied…
3D Kinematics of Classical Cepheids According to Gaia EDR3 Catalog
Bobylev, V. V.; Bajkova, A. T.
The kinematics of about 2000 classical Cepheids of the Milky Way with data from Gaia EDR3 catalog has been studied. For some of these stars, there are line-of-sight velocities. On the basis of the nonlinear rotation model, the parameters of the rotation curve of the Galaxy were determined. The circular linear rotation velocity of the near-solar ne…
Rapid Variability of the Accretion Disk Wind in the Narrow-line Seyfert 1, PG 1448+273
Porquet, D.; Reeves, J. N.; Braito, V. +3 more
PG 1448+273 is a luminous, nearby (z = 0.0645), narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy, which likely accretes close to the Eddington limit. XMM-Newton observations of PG 1448+273 in 2017 revealed the presence of an ultrafast outflow, as seen through its blueshifted iron K absorption profile, with an outflow velocity of about 0.1 c. Here, the first NuSTAR ob…
Impact of M-dwarf stellar wind and photoevaporation on the atmospheric evolution of small planets
Estrela, Raissa; Valio, Adriana; Modi, Ashini
The evolution of a planet's atmosphere depends strongly on its host star's properties. When their host stars are younger, planets can experience stronger winds and extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) emissions. This is particularly true for planets orbiting M dwarfs due to their close proximity to the host star. To determine if these planets retai…
A precise blue-optical transmission spectrum from the ground: evidence for haze in the atmosphere of WASP-74b
Madhusudhan, Nikku; Constantinou, Savvas; Mancini, Luigi +5 more
We report transmission spectroscopy of the bloated hot Jupiter WASP-74b in the wavelength range from 4000 to 6200 Å. We observe two transit events with the Very Large Telescope (VLT) Focal Reducer and Spectrograph and present a new method to measure the exoplanet transit depth as a function of wavelength. The new method removes the need for a refe…
Neural Networks for Operational SYM-H Forecasting Using Attention and SWICS Plasma Features
Muñoz, Pablo; Cid, Consuelo; Collado-Villaverde, Armando
In this work, we present an Artificial Neural Network for operational forecasting of the SYM-H geomagnetic index up to 2 hr ahead using the Interplanetary Magnetic Field, the solar wind plasma features and previous SYM-H values. Former works that forecast the SYM-H index use data measured by ACE, in particular from the MAG and SWEPAM instruments. …
On the anticorrelation between pericentric distance and inner dark matter density of Milky Way's dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Battaglia, Giuseppina; Nipoti, Carlo; Di Cintio, Arianna +1 more
An anticorrelation between the central density of the dark matter (DM) halo (ρ150, DM) and the pericentric distances (rp) of the Milky Way's (MW's) dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) has been reported in the literature. The existence and origin of such anticorrelation are, however, controversial, one possibility being that onl…
The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury. XXI. The Legacy Resolved Stellar Photometry Catalog
Bell, Eric F.; Dolphin, Andrew E.; Yanchulova Merica-Jones, Petia +14 more
We present the final legacy version of stellar photometry for the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT) survey. We have reprocessed all of the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 and Advanced Camera for Surveys near-ultraviolet (F275W, F336W), optical (F475W, F814W), and near-infrared (F110W, F160W) imaging from the PHAT survey usin…
Formulating Mass-loss Rates for Sun-like Stars: A Hybrid Model Approach
Toriumi, Shin; Cranmer, Steven R.; Shoda, Munehito
We observe an enhanced stellar wind mass-loss rate from low-mass stars exhibiting higher X-ray flux. This trend, however, does not align with the Sun, where no evident correlation between X-ray flux and mass-loss rate is present. To reconcile these observations, we propose a hybrid model for the stellar wind from solar-type stars, incorporating bo…
Hemispheric distribution of coronal mass ejections from 1996 to 2020
Li, C.; Deng, L. H.; Zhang, X. J. +3 more
Solar magnetic structures are known to be asymmetrically distributed between the two hemispheres. To date, the hemispheric variations of the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) at different latitudes, in different cycles, and for different types (regular and specific events) are still unclear. From the list of white-light CMEs in the Coordinated Data An…