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A neutron star candidate in the long-period binary 56 UMa
Jorissen, A.; Verschuur, G. L.; Schmelz, J. T. +6 more
Context. 56 UMa is a wide binary system that contains a chemically peculiar red giant and a faint companion. Due to its surface chemical abundances, the red giant was classified as a barium (Ba) star. This implies that the companion has to be a white dwarf, since Ba stars form when mass is transferred to them from an s-process rich Asymptotic Gian…
A Possible Surviving Companion of the SN Ia in the Galactic SNR G272.2-3.2
Galbany, L.; Ruiz-Lapuente, P.; Figueras, F. +4 more
We use the Gaia EDR3 to explore the Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G272.2-3.2, produced by the explosion of a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) about 7500 yr ago, to search for a surviving companion. From the abundances in the SNR ejecta, G272.2-3.2 is a normal SN Ia. The Gaia parallaxes allow us to select the stars located within the estimated distance…
Wide binaries demonstrate the consistency of rotational evolution between open cluster and field stars
Gruner, D.; Barnes, S. A.; Janes, K. A.
Context. Gyrochronology enables the derivation of ages of late-type main sequence stars based on their rotation periods and a mass proxy, such as color. It has been explored in open clusters, but a connection to field stars has yet to be successfully established.
Aims: We explore the rotation rates of wide binaries, representing enlightening …
Planetary Orbit Eccentricity Trends (POET). I. The Eccentricity-Metallicity Trend for Small Planets Revealed by the LAMOST-Gaia-Kepler Sample
Zhou, Ji-Lin; Xie, Ji-Wei; Dai, Yuan-Zhe +1 more
Orbital eccentricity is one of the basic planetary properties, whose distribution may shed light on the history of planet formation and evolution. Here, in a series of works on Planetary Orbit Eccentricity Trends (dubbed POET), we study the distribution of planetary eccentricities and their dependence on stellar/planetary properties. In this paper…
TOI 560: Two Transiting Planets Orbiting a K Dwarf Validated with iSHELL, PFS, and HIRES RVs
Deming, Drake; Gorjian, Varoujan; Hellier, Coel +93 more
We validate the presence of a two-planet system orbiting the 0.15-1.4 Gyr K4 dwarf TOI 560 (HD 73583). The system consists of an inner moderately eccentric transiting mini-Neptune (TOI 560 b, $P={6.3980661}_{-0.0000097}^{+0.0000095}$ days, $e={0.294}_{-0.062}^{+0.13}$ , $M={0.94}_{-0.23}^{+0.31}{M}_{\mathrm{Nep}}$ ) initially discovered in the Sec…
Multiwavelength scrutiny of X-ray sources in dwarf galaxies: ULXs versus AGNs
Soria, Roberto; Greene, Jenny E.; Baldassare, Vivienne F. +10 more
Owing to their quiet evolutionary histories, nearby dwarf galaxies (stellar masses $M_\star \lesssim 3 \times 10^9 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$) have the potential to teach us about the mechanism(s) that 'seeded' the growth of supermassive black holes, and also how the first stellar mass black holes formed and interacted with their environments. Here, we …
Asteroseismic age constraints on the open cluster NGC 2477 using oscillating stars identified with TESS FFI
Creevey, O. L.; Palakkatharappil, D. B.
Context. Asteroseismology is one of the few methods to derive ages of individual stars due to the high precision of their observations. Isochrone fitting is a powerful alternative method for deriving ages by studying clusters of stars. Pulsating stars in clusters should therefore allow for detailed studies of the stellar models.
Aims: Our obj…
Abundance Analysis of Stars at Large Radius in the Sextans Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Caldwell, Nelson; Placco, Vinicius M.; Mateo, Mario +5 more
We present the stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 30 elements for five stars located at large radii (3.5-10.7 times the half-light radius) in the Sextans dwarf spheroidal galaxy. We selected these stars using proper motions, radial velocities, and metallicities, and we confirm them as metal-poor members of Sextans with -3.34 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ …
Reanalysis of the X-Ray-burst-associated FRB 200428 with Insight-HXMT Observations
Zhang, S.; Zhang, S. N.; Dai, Z. G. +15 more
A double-peak X-ray burst from the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 was discovered to be associated with the two radio pulses of FRB 200428 separated by 28.97 ± 0.02 ms. Precise measurements of the timing and spectral properties of the X-ray bursts are helpful for understanding the physical origin of fast radio bursts. In this paper, we have recon…
Giant Impacts and Debris Disk Morphology
Duchêne, Gaspard; Esposito, Thomas M.; Kalas, Paul +2 more
Certain debris disks have nonaxisymmetric shapes in scattered light which are unexplained. The appearance of a disk depends on how its constituent Keplerian ellipses are arranged. The more the ellipses align apsidally, the more nonaxisymmetric the disk. Apsidal alignment is automatic for fragments released from a catastrophic collision between sol…