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How typical are atypical current sheets?
Balogh, A.; Zhang, T. L.; Klecker, B. +7 more
Using multi-satellite Cluster magnetic field data, we statistically examined how often an atypical, i.e., non-Harris type, current sheet is formed. We found that a cross-tail current sheet with an off-equatorial current density maximum, indicating bifurcation, is frequently formed in thin current sheets with a half thickness of ~1500 km. The occur…
The White Dwarf Cooling Sequence in NGC 6791
Anderson, Jay; Salaris, Maurizio; Bedin, Luigi R. +4 more
In the old, populous, and metal-rich open cluster NGC 6791, we have used deep Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys images to track the white dwarf cooling sequence down to mF606W~=28.5. The white dwarf luminosity function shows a well-defined peak at mF606W~=27.4 and a bending to the blue in the color-magnitude …
The XMM Large-Scale Structure survey: an initial sample of galaxy groups and clusters to a redshift z < 0.6*
Altieri, B.; Valtchanov, I.; Pierre, M. +14 more
We present X-ray and optical spectroscopic observations of 12 galaxy groups and clusters identified within the X-ray Multi-Mirror (XMM) Large-Scale Structure (LSS) survey. Groups and clusters are selected as extended X-ray sources from a 3.5 deg2XMM image mosaic above a flux limit 8 × 10-15 erg s-1 cm-2 …
GRB 020410: A Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglow Discovered by Its Supernova Light
Garnavich, Peter; Tanvir, Nial; Hjorth, Jens +19 more
We present the discovery and monitoring of the optical transient (OT) associated with GRB 020410. The fading OT was found by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations taken 28 and 65 days after burst at a position consistent with the X-ray afterglow, making this the first time that the optical afterglow of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) has been discover…
Titan's ionosphere: Model comparisons with Cassini Ta data
Coates, A. J.; Luhmann, J. G.; Wahlund, J. -E. +13 more
On October 26, 2004, during its first encounter with Titan (Ta), the Cassini Orbiter moved from the dayside to the nightside with a closest approach altitude of 1174 km. In situ measurements of the main part of Titan's ionosphere were made by the Langmuir probe on the Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Experiment (RPWS), while the Ion and Neutral Mass …
Cluster observations of traveling compression regions in the near-tail
Balogh, A.; Glassmeier, K. -H.; Owen, C. J. +6 more
Examination of Cluster measurements has revealed the presence of traveling compression regions (TCRs) in the lobes of the Earth's magnetotail at X ∼ -11-19 RE. These TCRs strongly resemble those observed in the more distant tail, but their mean duration is only ∼35 s as compared with ∼160 s for the TCRs in the distant tail. Furthermore,…
FeXXV and FeXXVI lines from low-velocity, photoionized gas in the X-ray spectra of active galactic nuclei
Nicastro, Fabrizio; Bianchi, Stefano; Matt, Giorgio +2 more
We have calculated the equivalent widths of the absorption lines produced by FeXXV and FeXXVI in a Compton-thin, low-velocity photoionized material illuminated by the nuclear continuum in active galactic nuclei. The results, plotted against the ionization parameter and the column density of the gas, are a complement to those presented by Bianchi &…
Saturn's vertical and latitudinal cloud structure 1991 2004 from HST imaging in 30 filters
Karkoschka, Erich; Tomasko, Martin
We analyzed 134 images of Saturn taken by the Hubble Space Telescope between 1991 and 2004. The images cover wavelengths between 231 and 2370 nm in 30 filters. We combined some 10 million calibrated reflectivity measurements into 18,000 center-to-limb curves. We used the method of principal component analysis to find the main latitudinal and tempo…
A Remarkable Low-Mass X-Ray Binary within 0.1 Parsecs of the Galactic Center
Brandt, W. N.; Ghez, A. M.; Muno, M. P. +5 more
Recent X-ray and radio observations by Muno et al. and Bower et al. have identified a transient low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) located only 0.1 pc in projection from the Galactic center, CXOGC J174540.0-290031. In this paper, we report the detailed analysis of X-ray and infrared observations of the transient and its surroundings. Chandra observation…
Optimal reconstruction of magnetopause structures from Cluster data
Klecker, B.; Hasegawa, H.; Dunlop, M. W. +3 more
The Grad-Shafranov (GS) reconstruction technique, a single-spacecraft based data analysis method for recovering approximately two-dimensional (2-D) magnetohydrostatic plasma/field structures in space, is improved to become a multi-spacecraft technique that produces a single field map by ingesting data from all four Cluster spacecraft into the calc…