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Evidence for a bottom-light initial mass function in massive star clusters
Hénault-Brunet, V.; Baumgardt, H.; Sollima, A. +1 more
We have determined stellar mass functions of 120 Milky Way globular clusters and massive Large Magellanic Cloud/Small Magellanic Cloud star clusters based on a comparison of archival Hubble Space Telescope photometry with a large grid of direct N-body simulations. We find a strong correlation of the global mass function slopes of star clusters wit…
Confirmation and Keplerian motion of the gap-carving protoplanet HD 169142 b
Pinte, Christophe; Christiaens, Valentin; Price, Daniel J. +4 more
We present the re-detection of a compact source in the face-on protoplanetary disc surrounding HD 169142, using VLT/SPHERE data in YJH bands. The source is found at a separation of 0${_{.}^{\prime\prime}}$319 (~37 au) from the star. Three lines of evidence argue in favour of the signal tracing a protoplanet: (i) it is found in the annular gap sepa…
Gaia Data Release 3. Pulsations in main sequence OBAF-type stars
Prusti, T.; Mazeh, T.; Zucker, S. +445 more
Context. The third Gaia data release provides photometric time series covering 34 months for about 10 million stars. For many of those stars, a characterisation in Fourier space and their variability classification are also provided. This paper focuses on intermediate- to high-mass (IHM) main sequence pulsators (M ≥ 1.3 M⊙) of spectral …
The Effect of the LMC on the Milky Way System
Vasiliev, Eugene
We review the recent theoretical and observational developments concerning the interaction of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) with the Milky Way and its neighbourhood. An emerging picture is that the LMC is a fairly massive companion (10–20% of the Milky Way mass) and just passed the pericentre of its orbit, likely for the first time. The gravita…
Early Results from GLASS-JWST. XXI. Rapid Asembly of a Galaxy at z = 6.23 Revealed by Its C/O Abundance
Santini, Paola; Pentericci, Laura; Treu, Tommaso +22 more
The abundance of carbon relative to oxygen (C/O) is a promising probe of star formation history in the early universe, as the ratio changes with time due to production of these elements by different nucleosynthesis pathways. We present a measurement of $\mathrm{log}({\rm{C}}/{\rm{O}})=-1.01\pm 0.12$ (stat) ±0.15 (sys) in a z = 6.23 galaxy observed…
TOI-1136 is a Young, Coplanar, Aligned Planetary System in a Pristine Resonant Chain
Terentev, Ivan A.; Batalha, Natalie M.; Bieryla, Allyson +60 more
Convergent disk migration has long been suspected to be responsible for forming planetary systems with a chain of mean-motion resonances (MMRs). Dynamical evolution over time could disrupt the delicate resonant configuration. We present TOI-1136, a 700 ± 150 Myr old G star hosting at least six transiting planets between ~2 and 5 R ⊕. Th…
Direct discovery of the inner exoplanet in the HD 206893 system. Evidence for deuterium burning in a planetary-mass companion
Lutz, D.; Genzel, R.; Sturm, E. +108 more
Aims: HD 206893 is a nearby debris disk star that hosts a previously identified brown dwarf companion with an orbital separation of ∼10 au. Long-term precise radial velocity (RV) monitoring, as well as anomalies in the system proper motion, has suggested the presence of an additional, inner companion in the system.
Methods: Using informa…
Probing sub-galactic mass structure with the power spectrum of surface-brightness anomalies in high-resolution observations of galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lenses. II. Observational constraints on the subgalactic matter power spectrum
Vegetti, S.; McKean, J. P.; Treu, T. +5 more
Stringent observational constraints on the subgalactic matter power spectrum would allow one to distinguish between the concordance ΛCDM and the various alternative dark-matter models that predict significantly different properties of mass structure in galactic haloes. Galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lensing provides a unique opportunity to pro…
Ruling Out New Physics at Low Redshift as a Solution to the H0 Tension
Shafieloo, Arman; Keeley, Ryan E.
We make the case that there can be no low-redshift solution to the H0 tension. To robustly answer this question, we use a very flexible parametrization for the dark energy equation of state such that every cosmological distance still allowed by data exists within this prior volume. To then answer whether there exists a satisfactory solu…
Energy wrinkles and phase-space folds of the last major merger
Grand, Robert J. J.; Fattahi, Azadeh; Vasiliev, Eugene +5 more
Relying on the dramatic increase in the number of stars with full 6D phase-space information provided by the Gaia Data Release 3, we resolve the distribution of the stellar halo around the Sun to uncover signatures of incomplete phase-mixing. We show that, for the stars likely belonging to the last massive merger, the (vr, r) distributi…