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Late stages of stellar evolution - Herschel's contributions
Decin, Leen
Cool objects glow in the infrared. The gas and solid-state species that escape the stellar gravitational attraction of evolved late-type stars in the form of a stellar wind are cool, with temperatures typically ≲1500 K, and can be ideally studied in the infrared. These stellar winds create huge extended circumstellar envelopes with extents approac…
A survey of the polar cap density based on Cluster EFW probe measurements: Solar wind and solar irradiation dependence
Haaland, S.; Lybekk, B.; Pedersen, A. +1 more
The plasma density above the Earth's polar caps provide crucial information about the state of the magnetosphere. This region of space is known for its tenuous plasma and extremely low plasma densities, thus making traditional measurements with particle and plasma instruments extremely difficult. A new method based on spacecraft potential measurem…
Thermal properties of (4) Vesta derived from Herschel measurements
Valtchanov, I.; Fornasier, S.; Leyrat, C. +3 more
Aims: We report in this paper the results provided by new infrared observations of the asteroid (4) Vesta obtained between April 2010 and June 2010 with the Herschel space observatory (ESA) in the wavelength range 70-500 µm when the asteroid was seen from the Northern hemisphere. Over this period, the thermal flux of Vesta was observed …
The Invisible Monster Has Two Faces: Observations of epsilon Aurigae with the Herschel Space Observatory
Stencel, R. E.; Hoard, D. W.; Ladjal, D. +1 more
We present Herschel Space Observatory photometric observations of the unique, long-period eclipsing binary star epsilon Aurigae. Its extended spectral energy distribution is consistent with our previously published cool (550 K) dust disk model. We also present an archival infrared spectral energy distribution of the side of the disk facing the bri…
Detached Red Giant Eclipsing Binary Twins: Rosetta Stones to the Galactic Bulge
Nataf, D. M.; Gould, A.; Pinsonneault, M. H.
We identify 34 highly-probable detached, red giant eclipsing binary pairs among 315 candidates in Devor's catalog of ≈10 000 OGLE-II eclipsing binaries. We estimate that there should be at least 200 such systems in OGLE-III. We show that spectroscopic measurements of the metallicities and radial-velocity-derived masses of these systems would indep…
The Spectral and Temporal Properties of Transient Sources in Early-type Galaxies
Zezas, A.; King, A. R.; Pellegrini, S. +8 more
We report the spectral and temporal variability properties of 18 candidate transient (TC) and potential transient (PTC) sources detected in deep multi-epoch Chandra observation of the nearby elliptical galaxies, NGC 3379, NGC 4278, and NGC 4697. Only one source can be identified with a background counterpart, leaving 17 TCs + PTCs in the galaxies.…
The brightening of Saturn's F ring
Nicholson, Philip D.; Hedman, Matthew M.; Showalter, Mark R. +5 more
Image photometry reveals that the F ring is approximately twice as bright during the Cassini tour as it was during the Voyager flybys of 1980 and 1981. It is also three times as wide and has a higher integrated optical depth. We have performed photometric measurements of more than 4800 images of Saturn's F ring taken over a 5-year period with Cass…
Magnetised Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the intermediate regime between subsonic and supersonic regimes
Henri, P.; Califano, F.; Pegoraro, F. +1 more
The understanding of the dynamics at play at the Earth's Magnetopause, the boundary separating the Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind plasmas, is of primary importance for space plasma modeling. We focus our attention on the low latitude flank of the magnetosphere where the velocity shear between the magnetosheath and the magnetospheric plas…
First Ultraviolet Reflectance Spectra of Pluto and Charon by the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph: Detection of Absorption Features and Evidence for Temporal Change
Stern, S. A.; Spencer, J. R.; Cunningham, N. J. +2 more
We have observed the mid-UV spectra of both Pluto and its large satellite, Charon, at two rotational epochs using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) in 2010. These are the first HST/COS measurements of Pluto and Charon. Here we describe the observations and our reduction of them, and present the albedo spectra, aver…
Globular Cluster Systems of Spiral and S0 Galaxies: Results from WIYN Imaging of NGC 1023, NGC 1055, NGC 7332, and NGC 7339
Rhode, Katherine L.; Young, Michael D.; Dowell, Jessica L.
We present results from a study of the globular cluster (GC) systems of four spiral and S0 galaxies imaged as part of an ongoing wide-field survey of the GC systems of giant galaxies. The target galaxies—the SB0 galaxy NGC 1023, the SBb galaxy NGC 1055, and an isolated pair comprised of the Sbc galaxy NGC 7339 and the S0 galaxy NGC 7332—were obser…