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Ion Acceleration at the Earth's Bow Shock
Möbius, E.; Scholer, M.; Burgess, D.
The Earth's bow shock is the most studied example of a collisionless shock in the solar system. It is also widely used to model or predict the behaviour at other astrophysical shock systems. Spacecraft observations, theoretical modelling and numerical simulations have led to a detailed understanding of the bow shock structure, the spatial organiza…
Quantitative Spectroscopy of Blue Supergiant Stars in the Disk of M81: Metallicity, Metallicity Gradient, and Distance
Bresolin, Fabio; Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter; Urbaneja, Miguel A. +4 more
The quantitative spectral analysis of low-resolution (~5 Å) Keck LRIS spectra of blue supergiants in the disk of the giant spiral galaxy M81 is used to determine stellar effective temperatures, gravities, metallicities, luminosities, interstellar reddening, and a new distance using the flux-weighted gravity-luminosity relationship. Substantial red…
The Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog: The First Two Years
Goldstein, Adam; Preece, Robert D.; Kouveliotou, Chryssa +26 more
The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) is designed to enhance the scientific return from Fermi in studying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In its first two years of operation GBM triggered on 491 GRBs. We summarize the criteria used for triggering and quantify the general characteristics of the triggered GRBs, including their locations, durations, peak …
The heating of dust by old stellar populations in the bulge of M31
Schinnerer, Eva; Rix, Hans-Walter; Walter, Fabian +9 more
We use new Herschel multiband imaging of the Andromeda galaxy to analyse how dust heating occurs in the central regions of galaxy spheroids that are essentially devoid of young stars. We construct a dust temperature map of M31 through fitting modified blackbodies to the Herschel data, and find that the temperature within 2 kpc rises strongly from …
Herschel measurements of the D/H and 16O/18O ratios in water in the Oort-cloud comet C/2009 P1 (Garradd)
Küppers, M.; Hartogh, P.; Lellouch, E. +19 more
The D/H ratio in cometary water is believed to be an important indicator of the conditions under which icy planetesimals formed and can provide clues to the contribution of comets to the delivery of water and other volatiles to Earth. Available measurements suggest that there is isotopic diversity in the comet population. The Herschel Space Observ…
Auroral evidence of Io's control over the magnetosphere of Jupiter
Bonfond, B.; Clarke, J. T.; Gérard, J. -C. +5 more
Contrary to the case of the Earth, the main auroral oval on Jupiter is related to the breakdown of plasma corotation in the middle magnetosphere. Even if the root causes for the main auroral emissions are Io's volcanism and Jupiter's fast rotation, changes in the aurora could be attributed either to these internal factors or to fluctuations of the…
Inverse Compton X-Ray Emission from Supernovae with Compact Progenitors: Application to SN2011fe
Hurley, K.; Costa, E.; Fransson, C. +39 more
We present a generalized analytic formalism for the inverse Compton X-ray emission from hydrogen-poor supernovae and apply this framework to SN 2011fe using Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT), UVOT, and Chandra observations. We characterize the optical properties of SN 2011fe in the Swift bands and find them to be broadly consistent with a "normal" SN Ia…
Saturn's icy satellites and rings investigated by Cassini-VIMS: III - Radial compositional variability
Brown, R. H.; Baines, K. H.; Buratti, B. J. +16 more
In the last few years Cassini-VIMS, the Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer, returned to us a comprehensive view of the Saturn's icy satellites and rings. After having analyzed the satellites' spectral properties (Filacchione, G., Capaccioni, F., McCord, T.B., Coradini, A., Cerroni, P., Bellucci, G., Tosi, F., D'Aversa, E., Formisano, V., Br…
Hubble Space Telescope Hα imaging of star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 1-1.5: evolution in the size and luminosity of giant H II regions
Rigby, J. R.; Smail, Ian; Jones, T. +10 more
We present Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 narrow-band imaging of the Hα emission in a sample of eight gravitationally lensed galaxies at z = 1-1.5. The magnification caused by the foreground clusters enables us to obtain a median source plane spatial resolution of 360 pc, as well as providing magnifications in flux ranging from ∼10× to…
What can We Learn about Solar Coronal Mass Ejections, Coronal Dimmings, and Extreme-ultraviolet Jets through Spectroscopic Observations?
He, Jiansen; Wang, Xin; McIntosh, Scott W. +2 more
Solar eruptions, particularly coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) jets, have rarely been investigated with spectroscopic observations. We analyze several data sets obtained by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on board Hinode and find various types of flows during CMEs and jet eruptions. CME-induced dimming regions are found to …