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MAHLI at the Rocknest sand shadow: Science and science-enabling activities
Kennedy, M. R.; Deen, R. G.; Schmidt, M. +29 more
Martian solar days 57-100, the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover acquired and processed a solid (sediment) sample and analyzed its mineralogy and geochemistry with the Chemistry and Mineralogy and Sample Analysis at Mars instruments. An aeolian deposit—herein referred to as the Rocknest sand shadow—was inferred to represent a global average …
An observational study of the response of the upper atmosphere of Mars to lower atmospheric dust storms
Withers, Paul; Pratt, R.
The effects of dust storms on densities, temperatures, and winds in the lower atmosphere of Mars are substantial. Here we use upper atmospheric observations to investigate how dust storms affect the upper atmosphere of Mars. We use aerobraking accelerometer, ultraviolet stellar occultation, and radio occultation datasets to examine the magnitudes …
Hemispheric Asymmetries of Solar Photospheric Magnetism: Radiative, Particulate, and Heliospheric Impacts
Cirtain, Jonathan W.; McIntosh, Scott W.; Leamon, Robert J. +7 more
Among many other measurable quantities, the summer of 2009 saw a considerable low in the radiative output of the Sun that was temporally coincident with the largest cosmic-ray flux ever measured at 1 AU. Combining measurements and observations made by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft we …
An Ab Initio Model for Cosmic-ray Modulation
Burger, R. A.; Engelbrecht, N. E.
A proper understanding of the effects of turbulence on the diffusion and drift of cosmic rays (CRs) is of vital importance for a better understanding of CR modulation in the heliosphere. This study presents an ab initio model for CR modulation, incorporating for the first time the results yielded by a two-component turbulence transport model. This…
The Excitation of HCN and HCO+ in the Galactic Center Circumnuclear Disk
Morris, M. R.; Mills, E. A. C.; Güsten, R. +1 more
We present new observations of HCN and HCO+ in the circumnuclear disk (CND) of the Galaxy, which we obtained with the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment telescope. We mapped emission in rotational lines of HCN J = 3-2, 4-3, and 8-7, as well as of HCO+ J = 3-2, 4-3, and 9-8. We also present spectra of H13CN J = 3-2 and 4…
Turbulent Dynamics in Solar Flare Sheet Structures Measured with Local Correlation Tracking
McKenzie, D. E.
High-resolution observations of the Sun's corona in extreme ultraviolet and soft X-rays have revealed a new world of complexity in the sheet-like structures connecting coronal mass ejections (CMEs) to the post-eruption flare arcades. This article presents initial findings from an exploration of dynamic flows in two flares observed with Hinode/XRT …
PS1-10afx at z = 1.388: Pan-STARRS1 Discovery of a New Type of Superluminous Supernova
Price, P. A.; Berger, E.; Challis, P. +32 more
We present the Pan-STARRS1 discovery of PS1-10afx, a unique hydrogen-deficient superluminous supernova (SLSN) at redshift z = 1.388. The light curve peaked at z P1 = 21.7 mag, making PS1-10afx comparable to the most luminous known SNe, with Mu = -22.3 mag. Our extensive optical and near-infrared observations indicate that the…
Magnetic topologies of an in vivo FTE observed by Double Star/TC-1 at Earth's magnetopause
Dunlop, M.; Raeder, J.; Zhong, J. +5 more
transfer events (FTEs) are magnetic flux ropes formed at planetary magnetopauses (MPs). Although evidence suggests that FTEs form through time-dependent magnetic reconnection, details of that process and 3D structure of the flux ropes remain largely unclear. This letter presents Double Star/TC-1 data of an FTE occurred on 7 April 2004 which show t…
Flux calibration of broad-band far-infrared and submillimetre photometric instruments: theory and application to Herschel-SPIRE
Valtchanov, I.; Bock, J.; Conley, A. +15 more
Photometric instruments operating at far-infrared to millimetre wavelengths often have broad spectral passbands (λ/Δλ ∼ 3 or less), especially those operating in space. A broad passband can result in significant variation of the beam profile and aperture efficiency across the passband, effects which thus far have not generally been taken into acco…
The binary fractions in the massive young Large Magellanic Cloud star clusters NGC 1805 and NGC 1818
Deng, Licai; de Grijs, Richard; Li, Chengyuan
Using high-resolution data sets obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, we investigate the radial distributions of the F-type main-sequence binary fractions in the massive young Large Magellanic Cloud star clusters NGC 1805 and NGC 1818. We apply both an isochrone-fitting approach and χ2 minimization using Monte Carlo simulations, for…