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Direct detection of black holes via electromagnetic radiation
Sobrinho, J. L. G.; Augusto, P.
Many black hole (BH) candidates exist, ranging from supermassive (∼106-1010 M⊙) to stellar masses (∼1-100 M⊙), all of them identified by indirect processes. Although there are no known candidate BHs with substellar masses, these might have been produced in the primordial Universe. BHs emit radiation comp…
Possible erosion marks of bottom oceanic currents in the northern lowlands of Mars
De Blasio, Fabio Vittorio
There has been much interest for the hypothetical ancient ocean which might have resided in the northern lowlands of Mars. Hints are the global subdivision of Martian crust, the smooth appearance of the northern terrains, the elevation of river deltas, and the past shorelines. Here it is suggested that water in a sufficiently deep northern ocean w…
Scientific Use of the Sampler, Drill and Distribution Subsystem (SD2)
Di Lizia, P.; Bernelli-Zazzera, F.; Ercoli Finzi, A. +2 more
Rosetta is the third cornerstone mission of the European Space Agency scientific program "Horizon 2000". Rosetta will be the first spacecraft to orbit around a comet nucleus. It was launched in March 2004 and will reach the comet 67P/ChurymovGerasimenko in 2014. A lander (Philae) will be released and land on the comet surface for in-situ investiga…
Ion drift simulation of sudden appearance of sub-keV structured ions in the inner magnetosphere
Yamauchi, M.; Dandouras, I.; Nilsson, H. +1 more
Energy-latitude dispersed structured sub-keV ions in the inner magnetosphere often show significant development or intensification (by more than factor of 3) within 1-2 h near noon or afternoon where the azimuthal ion drift velocity at the sub-keV range is expected to be near zero. To examine whether such sudden appearances in the dayside can be e…
Localization of circularly polarized dispersive Alfvén wave and effect on solar wind turbulence
Sharma, R. P.; Gaur, Nidhi; Sharma, Swati
Solar wind turbulence at large inertial scales is well known for decades and believed to consist of Alfvén cascade. At scales of the order of proton inertial length, Alfvén cascade excites kinetic Alfvén wave, fast wave, or whistler wave that carries wave energy to smaller scales. Despite supporting the kinetic Alfvén wave cascade to elucidate the…
Exploring the Capabilities of the Anti-Coincidence Shield of the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) Spectrometer to Study Solar Flares
Klein, K. -L.; Vilmer, N.; Hamadache, C. +3 more
The International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) is a European Space Agency hard X-ray/γ-ray observatory for astrophysics, covering photon energies from 15 keV to 10 MeV. It was launched in 2002, and since then the Bismuth Germanate (BGO) detectors of the Anti-Coincidence Shield (ACS) of the Spectrometer on INTEGRAL (SPI) have detect…
Transmission and Emission of Solar Energetic Particles in Semi-transparent Shocks
Vainio, Rami; Kocharov, Leon; Laitinen, Timo +1 more
While major solar energetic particle (SEP) events are associated with coronal mass ejection (CME)-driven shocks in solar wind, accurate SEP measurements reveal that more than one component of energetic ions exist in the beginning of the events. Solar electromagnetic emissions, including nuclear gamma-rays, suggest that high-energy ions could also …
AKARI observations of interstellar dust grains in our Galaxy and nearby galaxies
Oyabu, S.; Onaka, T.; Kaneda, H. +6 more
The infrared (IR) emission from interstellar dust grains is a powerful tool to trace star-formation activities in galaxies. Beyond such star-formation tracers, spectral information on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and large grains, or even their photometric intensity ratios, has deep physical implications for understanding the properties…
On the origin of the featureless soft X-ray excess emission from the Seyfert 1 galaxy ESO 198-G24
Dewangan, Gulab C.; Laha, Sibasish; Kembhavi, Ajit K.
We present medium- and high-resolution X-ray spectral study of a Seyfert 1 galaxy ESO 198-G24 using a long (∼122 ks) XMM-Newton observation performed in 2006 February. The source has a prominent featureless soft X-ray excess below 2 keV. This makes the source well suited to investigate the origin of the soft excess. Two physical models - blurred r…
Vibrationally Excited Molecular Hydrogen near Herschel 36
Snow, Theodore P.; Rachford, Brian L.; Ross, Teresa L.
We present the first high resolution UV spectra toward Herschel 36, a Trapezium-like system of high-mass stars contained within the Lagoon Nebula (M8, NGC 6523). The spectra reveal extreme rovibrational excitation of molecular hydrogen in material at a single velocity or very small range of velocities, with this component presumably lying near the…