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The Progenitors of the Compact Early-type Galaxies at High Redshift
Barro, Guillermo; Bell, Eric F.; Ferguson, Henry C. +19 more
We use GOODS and CANDELS images to identify progenitors of massive (M > 1010 M ⊙) compact early-type galaxies (ETGs) at z ~ 1.6. Because merging and accretion increase the size of the stellar component of galaxies, if the progenitors are among known star-forming galaxies, these must be compact themselves. We select candida…
The Identification of Filaments on Far-infrared and Submillimiter Images: Morphology, Physical Conditions and Relation with Star Formation of Filamentary Structure
Paladini, R.; Moore, T. J. T.; Rygl, K. L. J. +12 more
Observations of molecular clouds reveal a complex structure, with gas and dust often arranged in filamentary, rather than spherical geometries. The association of pre- and proto-stellar cores with the filaments suggests a direct link with the process of star formation. Any study of the properties of such filaments requires representative samples f…
Gas structure inside dust cavities of transition disks: Ophiuchus IRS 48 observed by ALMA
van Dishoeck, Ewine F.; van der Marel, Nienke; Bruderer, Simon +1 more
Context. Transition disks are recognized by the absence of emission of small dust grains inside a radius of up to several 10s of AUs. Owing to the lack of angular resolution and sensitivity, the gas content of these dust holes has not yet been determined, but is of importance for constraining the mechanism leading to the dust holes. It is thought …
The Rise of SN 2014J in the Nearby Galaxy M82
Cenko, S. B.; Sollerman, J.; Bloom, J. S. +31 more
We report on the discovery of SN 2014J in the nearby galaxy M82. Given its proximity, it offers the best opportunity to date to study a thermonuclear supernova (SN) over a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Optical, near-IR, and mid-IR observations on the rising light curve, orchestrated by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory, show…
Neutrino cosmology and Planck
Lesgourgues, Julien; Pastor, Sergio
Relic neutrinos play an important role in the evolution of the Universe, modifying some of the cosmological observables. We summarize the main aspects of cosmological neutrinos and describe how the precision of present cosmological data can be used to learn about neutrino properties. In particular, we discuss how cosmology provides information on …
The Solar Neighborhood. XXXIII. Parallax Results from the CTIOPI 0.9 m Program: Trigonometric Parallaxes of Nearby Low-mass Active and Young Systems
Gies, Douglas R.; Nelan, Edmund P.; Blunt, Sarah C. +14 more
We present basic observational data and association membership analysis for 45 young and active low-mass stellar systems from the ongoing Research Consortium On Nearby Stars photometry and astrometry program at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. Most of these systems have saturated X-ray emission (log (LX /L bol) &g…
Planck intermediate results. XIII. Constraints on peculiar velocities
Dahle, H.; Miville-Deschênes, M. -A.; Bernard, J. -P. +182 more
Using Planck data combined with the Meta Catalogue of X-ray detected Clusters of galaxies (MCXC), we address the study of peculiar motions by searching for evidence of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (kSZ). By implementing various filters designed to extract the kSZ generated at the positions of the clusters, we obtain consistent constraints …
Dense Cores in Galaxies Out to z = 2.5 in SDSS, UltraVISTA, and the Five 3D-HST/CANDELS Fields
van Dokkum, Pieter G.; Muzzin, Adam; Labbé, Ivo +15 more
The dense interiors of massive galaxies are among the most intriguing environments in the universe. In this paper,we ask when these dense cores were formed and determine how galaxies gradually assembled around them. We select galaxies that have a stellar mass >3 × 1010 M ⊙ inside r = 1 kpc out to z = 2.5, using the 3D-HST …
Brown Dwarf Photospheres are Patchy: A Hubble Space Telescope Near-infrared Spectroscopic Survey Finds Frequent Low-level Variability
Apai, Dániel; Radigan, Jacqueline; Buenzli, Esther +2 more
Condensate clouds strongly impact the spectra of brown dwarfs and exoplanets. Recent discoveries of variable L/T transition dwarfs argued for patchy clouds in at least some ultracool atmospheres. This study aims to measure the frequency and level of spectral variability in brown dwarfs and to search for correlations with spectral type. We used Hub…
Radial Dependence of the Frequency Break between Fluid and Kinetic Scales in the Solar Wind Fluctuations
Bruno, R.; Trenchi, L.
We investigate the radial dependence of the spectral break separating the inertial from the dissipation range in power density spectra of interplanetary magnetic field fluctuations, between 0.42 and 5.3 AU, during radial alignments between MESSENGER and WIND for the inner heliosphere and between WIND and ULYSSES for the outer heliosphere. We found…