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Near-infrared spectra of ferrous mineral mixtures and methods for their identification in planetary surface spectra
Bell, James F.; Cloutis, Edward A.; Mann, Paul +1 more
Iron-bearing minerals are a major component of planetary surfaces, and many can be identified by their characteristic absorption bands in the near-infrared (NIR). Here we present laboratory NIR spectra of a wide range of common Fe-bearing minerals (e.g., olivines, pyroxenes), glasses, and mineral/glass mixtures. We then use this suite of spectra t…
Cobalt-56 γ-ray emission lines from the type Ia supernova 2014J
Sunyaev, R.; Sazonov, S.; Churazov, E. +8 more
A type Ia supernova is thought to be a thermonuclear explosion of either a single carbon-oxygen white dwarf or a pair of merging white dwarfs. The explosion fuses a large amount of radioactive 56Ni (refs 1-3). After the explosion, the decay chain from 56Ni to 56Co to 56Fe generates γ-ray photons, which a…
Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. II. The Most Luminous Standard Candles in the Universe
Kaspi, Shai; Netzer, Hagai; Du, Pu +8 more
This is the second in a series of papers reporting on a large reverberation mapping (RM) campaign to measure black hole (BH) mass in high accretion rate active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The goal is to identify super-Eddington accreting massive black holes (SEAMBHs) and to use their unique properties to construct a new method for measuring cosmologic…
A luminous, blue progenitor system for the type Iax supernova 2012Z
Foley, Ryan J.; Riess, Adam G.; Kirshner, Robert P. +6 more
Type Iax supernovae are stellar explosions that are spectroscopically similar to some type Ia supernovae at the time of maximum light emission, except with lower ejecta velocities. They are also distinguished by lower luminosities. At late times, their spectroscopic properties diverge from those of other supernovae, but their composition (dominate…
Time-dependent modeling of TeV-detected, young pulsar wind nebulae
Torres, D. F.; de Oña Wilhelmi, E.; Cillis, A. +1 more
The increasing sensitivity of instruments at X-ray and TeV energies has revealed a large number of nebulae associated with bright pulsars. Despite this large data set, the observed pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) do not show a uniform behavior and the main parameters driving features like luminosity, magnetization, and others are still not fully unders…
Hubble Space Telescope hot Jupiter transmission spectral survey: a detection of Na and strong optical absorption in HAT-P-1b
Aigrain, S.; Pont, F.; Fortney, J. J. +16 more
We present an optical to near-infrared transmission spectrum of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-1b, based on Hubble Space Telescope observations, covering the spectral regime from 0.29 to 1.027 µm with Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), which is coupled with a recent Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) transit (1.087 to 1.687 µm). We derive ref…
Testing the interaction between dark energy and dark matter with Planck data
Ferreira, Elisa G. M.; Costa, André A.; Abdalla, E. +2 more
Interacting dark energy and dark matter is used to go beyond the standard cosmology. We base our arguments on Planck data and conclude that an interaction is compatible with the observations and can provide a strong argument towards consistency of different values of cosmological parameters.
A Herschel [C ii] Galactic plane survey. II. CO-dark H2 in clouds
Goldsmith, P. F.; Langer, W. D.; Pineda, J. L. +2 more
Context. H i and CO large scale surveys of the Milky Way trace the diffuse atomic clouds and the dense shielded regions of molecular hydrogen clouds, respectively. However, until recently, we have not had spectrally resolved C+ surveys in sufficient lines of sight to characterize the ionized and photon dominated components of the inters…
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey. XVII. Physical and wind properties of massive stars at the top of the main sequence
Crowther, P. A.; Herrero, A.; Simón-Díaz, S. +12 more
The evolution and fate of very massive stars (VMS) is tightly connected to their mass-loss properties. Their initial and final masses differ significantly as a result of mass loss. VMS have strong stellar winds and extremely high ionising fluxes, which are thought to be critical sources of both mechanical and radiative feedback in giant H ii regio…
How the Geysers, Tidal Stresses, and Thermal Emission across the South Polar Terrain of Enceladus are Related
Nimmo, Francis; Porco, Carolyn; DiNino, Daiana
We present the first comprehensive examination of the geysering, tidal stresses, and anomalous thermal emission across the south pole of Enceladus and discuss the implications for the moon's thermal history and interior structure. A 6.5 yr survey of the moon's south polar terrain (SPT) by the Cassini imaging experiment has located ~100 jets or gey…