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Cluster Technical Challenges and Scientific Achievements
Escoubet, C. P.; Goldstein, M. L.; Taylor, M. G. G. T. +5 more
The Cluster mission has been operated successfully for 14 years. As the first science mission comprising four identical spacecraft, Cluster has faced many challenges during its lifetime. Initially, during the selection process where strong competition with SOHO was almost fatal to one of them, finally both missions were merged into the Solar Terre…
Discordant optical and X-ray classification of AGN
Carrera, F. J.; Wiersema, K.; Mateos, S. +1 more
To provide insight into the apparent mismatch between the optical and X-ray absorption properties observed in 10--30 % of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), we have conducted a detailed study of two X-ray unabsorbed AGN with a type-2 optical spectroscopic classification. In addition to high quality X-ray spectroscopic observations, that we used to dete…
The return of Philae
Clery, Daniel; Hand, Eric
Magnetic Reconnection in Different Environments
Hesse, Michael; Birn, Joachim; Aunai, Nicolas +2 more
This chapter addresses two important aspects of magnetic reconnection: time-dependent rates affected by island formation and the preferred direction of the reconnection line if merging magnetic field components are not anti-parallel. While it is widely known that magnetic reconnection facilitates mass, momentum, and energy transport in plasmas, it…
Identification of tectonic deformations on the south polar surface of the moon
Singh, Priyadarshini; Mukherjee, Saumitra
Recent extensional and contractional tectonic features present globally over the lunar surface have been studied to infer lunar crustal tectonism. Investigation of indicators of recent crustal tectonics, such as fault lines, thrust fault scarps, and dislocation of debris along the identified fault planes, primarily using data from the miniature-sy…
The H Corona of Mars
Chaffin, Michael Scott
The atmosphere of every planet is surrounded by a tenuous cloud of hydrogen gas, referred to as a hydrogen corona. At Mars, a substantial fraction of the H present in the corona is moving fast enough to escape the planet's gravity, permanently removing H from the Martian atmosphere. Because this H is ultimately derived from lower atmospheric water…
Two-comet dance gave 67P its duck shape
Campbell, MacGregor
GRB 130603B: No Compelling Evidence for Neutron Star Merger
Dar, Arnon; Dado, Shlomo
Near infrared (NIR) flare/rebrightening in the afterglow of the short hard gamma ray burst (SHB) 130603B measured with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and an alleged late-time X-ray excess were interpreted as possible evidence of a neutron-star merger origin of this SHB. However, the X-ray afterglow that was measured with the Swift-XRT and Newton…
Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters
Kneissl, R.; Miville-Deschênes, M. -A.; Bernard, J. -P. +262 more
This paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles (ℓ ≳ 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of a…
Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflation
Kneissl, R.; Miville-Deschênes, M. -A.; Bernard, J. -P. +241 more
We analyse the implications of the Planck data for cosmic inflation. The Planck nominal mission temperature anisotropy measurements, combined with the WMAP large-angle polarization, constrain the scalar spectral index to be ns = 0.9603 ± 0.0073, ruling out exact scale invariance at over 5σ.Planck establishes an upper bound on the tensor…