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Identification of Mars gully activity types associated with ice composition
Vincendon, Mathieu
The detection of geologically recent channels at the end of the twentieth century rapidly suggested that liquid water could have been present on Mars up to recent times. A mechanism involving melting of water ice during ice ages in the last several million years progressively emerged during years following the first observations of these gullies. …
Twins for life? A comparative analysis of the Type Ia supernovae 2011fe and 2011by
Zheng, W.; Filippenko, A. V.; Foley, R. J. +6 more
The nearby Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) 2011fe and 2011by had nearly identical photospheric phase optical spectra, light-curve widths, and photometric colours, but at peak brightness SN 2011by reached a fainter absolute magnitude in all optical bands and exhibited lower flux in the near-ultraviolet (NUV). Based on those data, Foley & Kirshner a…
Gas and dust in the star-forming region ρ Oph A. The dust opacity exponent β and the gas-to-dust mass ratio g2d
Olofsson, G.; Liseau, R.; Justtanont, K. +6 more
Aims: We aim at determining the spatial distribution of the gas and dust in star-forming regions and address their relative abundances in quantitative terms. We also examine the dust opacity exponent β for spatial and/or temporal variations.
Methods: Using mapping observations of the very dense ρ Oph A core, we examined standard 1D and n…
Mapping the Outer Edge of the Young Stellar Cluster in the Galactic Center
Lu, J. R.; Do, T.; Ghez, A. +3 more
We present new near-infrared spectroscopic observations of the outer edges of the young stellar cluster around the supermassive black hole at the Galactic center. The observations show a break in the surface density profile of young stars at ∼13″ (0.52 pc). These observations spectroscopically confirm previous suggestions of a break based on photo…
Constraints on primordial magnetic fields from the optical depth of the cosmic microwave background
Komatsu, Eiichiro; Kunze, Kerstin E.
Damping of magnetic fields via ambipolar diffusion and decay of magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) turbulence in the post decoupling era heats the intergalactic medium (IGM). Delayed recombination of hydrogen atoms in the IGM yields an optical depth to scattering of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The optical depth generated at z ≫ 10 does not aff…
The Role of Bars in AGN Fueling in Disk Galaxies Over the Last Seven Billion Years
Santini, Paola; Knapen, Johan H.; Salvato, Mara +3 more
We present empirical constraints on the influence of stellar bars on the fueling of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) out to z = 0.84 using a sample of X-ray-selected AGNs hosted in luminous non-interacting face-on and moderately inclined disk galaxies from the Chandra COSMOS survey. Using high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope imaging to identify bar…
Preserved glass-rich impactites on Mars
Mustard, J. F.; Cannon, K. M.
Forward Modeling of Standing Slow Modes in Flaring Coronal Loops
Banerjee, D.; Antolin, P.; Van Doorsselaere, T. +1 more
Standing slow-mode waves in hot flaring loops are exclusively observed in spectrometers and are used to diagnose the magnetic field strength and temperature of the loop structure. Owing to the lack of spatial information, the longitudinal mode cannot be effectively identified. In this study, we simulate standing slow-mode waves in flaring loops an…
UV solar irradiance in observations and the NRLSSI and SATIRE-S models
Solanki, S. K.; Yeo, K. L.; Krivova, N. A. +3 more
Total solar irradiance and UV spectral solar irradiance has been monitored since 1978 through a succession of space missions. This is accompanied by the development of models aimed at replicating solar irradiance by relating the variability to solar magnetic activity. The Naval Research Laboratory Solar Spectral Irradiance (NRLSSI) and Spectral An…
Biases in the determination of dynamical parameters of star clusters: today and in the Gaia era
Balbinot, E.; Hénault-Brunet, V.; Gieles, M. +4 more
The structural and dynamical properties of star clusters are generally derived by means of the comparison between steady-state analytic models and the available observables. With the aim of studying the biases of this approach, we fitted different analytic models to simulated observations obtained from a suite of direct N-body simulations of star …