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Measuring the stellar wind parameters in IGR J17544-2619 and Vela X-1 constrains the accretion physics in supergiant fast X-ray transient and classical supergiant X-ray binaries
Sander, A.; Hamann, W. -R.; Shenar, T. +9 more
Context. Classical supergiant X-ray binaries (SGXBs) and supergiant fast X-ray transients (SFXTs) are two types of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) that present similar donors but, at the same time, show very different behavior in the X-rays. The reason for this dichotomy of wind-fed HMXBs is still a matter of debate. Among the several explanation…
Origin of Molecular Oxygen in Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Wurz, P.; Altwegg, K.; Bieler, A. +13 more
Molecular oxygen has been detected in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko with abundances in the 1%-10% range by the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis-Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer instrument on board the Rosetta spacecraft. Here we find that the radiolysis of icy grains in low-density environments such as the p…
A PSF-based approach to Kepler/K2 data - I. Variability within the K2 Campaign 0 star clusters M 35 and NGC 2158
Bedin, L. R.; Piotto, G.; Nardiello, D. +1 more
Kepler and K2 data analysis reported in the literature is mostly based on aperture photometry. Because of Kepler's large, undersampled pixels and the presence of nearby sources, aperture photometry is not always the ideal way to obtain high-precision photometry, and, because of this, the data set has not been fully exploited so far. We present a n…
A Herschel-SPIRE survey of the Mon R2 giant molecular cloud: analysis of the gas column density probability density function
Henning, T.; Gutermuth, R.; Wolk, S. J. +8 more
We present a far-IR survey of the entire Mon R2 giant molecular cloud (GMC) with Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging REceiver cross-calibrated with Planck-High Frequency Instrument data. We fit the spectral energy distributions of each pixel with a greybody function and an optimal beta value of 1.8. We find that mid-range column densities ob…
Searching for Cool Dust in the Mid-to-far Infrared: The Mass-loss Histories of the Hypergiants µ Cep, VY CMa, IRC+10420, and ρ Cas
Gehrz, Robert D.; Humphreys, Roberta M.; Jones, Terry J. +6 more
We present mid- and far-IR imaging of four famous hypergiant stars: the red supergiants µ Cep and VY CMa, and the warm hypergiants IRC +10420 and ρ Cas. Our 11-37 µm SOFIA/FORCAST imaging probes cool dust not detected in visual and near-IR imaging studies. Adaptive optics 8-12 µm imaging of µ Cep and IRC +10420 with MMT/MIR…
A Distant Echo of Milky Way Central Activity Closes the Galaxy’s Baryon Census
Elvis, M.; Nicastro, F.; Krongold, Y. +2 more
We report on the presence of large amounts of million-degree gas in the Milky Way’s interstellar and circum-galactic medium. This gas (1) permeates both the Galactic plane and the halo, (2) extends to distances larger than 60-200 kpc from the center, and (3) its mass is sufficient to close the Galaxy’s baryon census. Moreover, we show that a vast,…
The Wind Nebula around Magnetar Swift J1834.9-0846
Lin, L.; Kouveliotou, C.; Baring, M. G. +12 more
We report on the analysis of two deep XMM-Newton observations of the magnetar Swift J1834.9-0846 and its surrounding extended emission taken in 2014 March and October, 2.5 and 3.1 yr after the source went into outburst. The magnetar is only weakly detected in the first observation, with an absorption-corrected flux {F}0.5-10{keV}≈ 4× {1…
Annual variations in the Martian bow shock location as observed by the Mars Express mission
Holmström, M.; Fränz, M.; Lester, M. +12 more
The Martian bow shock distance has previously been shown to be anticorrelated with solar wind dynamic pressure but correlated with solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiance. Since both of these solar parameters reduce with the square of the distance from the Sun, and Mars' orbit about the Sun increases by ∼0.3 AU from perihelion to aphelion, it i…
Large Magellanic Cloud Near-infrared Synoptic Survey. II. The Wesenheit Relations and Their Application to the Distance Scale
Wagner-Kaiser, R.; Sarajedini, Ata; Macri, Lucas M. +4 more
We present new near-infrared (NIR) Cepheid period-Wesenheit (P-W) relations in the LMC using time-series observations from the Large Magellanic Cloud NIR Synoptic Survey. We also derive optical+NIR P-W relations using V and I magnitudes from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. We employ our new JHKs data to determine an indepe…
A young cluster with an extended main-sequence turnoff: confirmation of a prediction of the stellar rotation scenario
Salaris, M.; Larsen, S.; Cabrera-Ziri, I. +13 more
We present Hubble Space Telescope photometry of NGC 1850, a ∼100 Myr, ∼105 M⊙ cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The colour-magnitude diagram clearly shows the presence of an extended main-sequence turnoff (eMSTO). The use of non-rotating stellar isochrones leads to an age spread of ∼40 Myr. This is in good agreement with…