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Simulation of VLF chorus emissions in the magnetosphere and comparison with THEMIS spacecraft data
Santolík, O.; Demekhov, A. G.; Taubenschuss, U.
We present results of numerical simulations of VLF chorus emissions based on the backward wave oscillator model and compare them with Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft data from the equatorial chorus source region on the early morning side at a radial distance of 6 Earth radii. Specific attenti…
Red nuggets grow inside-out: evidence from gravitational lensing
Treu, Tommaso; Fassnacht, Christopher D.; Auger, Matthew W. +7 more
We present a new sample of strong gravitational lens systems where both the foreground lenses and background sources are early-type galaxies. Using imaging from Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Advanced Camera for Studies (ACS) and Keck/NIRC2, we model the surface brightness distributions and show that the sources form a distinct population of massive…
The properties of energetically unbound stars in stellar clusters
Gieles, Mark; Zocchi, Alice; Claydon, Ian
Several Milky Way star clusters show a roughly flat velocity dispersion profile at large radii, which is not expected from models with a tidal cut-off energy. Possible explanations for this excess velocity include the effects of a dark matter halo, modified gravity theories and energetically unbound stars inside of clusters. These stars are known …
Rapid Pitch Angle Evolution of Suprathermal Electrons Behind Dipolarization Fronts
Daly, P. W.; Cao, J. B.; Xu, Y. +4 more
The pitch angle distribution (PAD) of suprathermal electrons can have both spatial and temporal evolution in the magnetotail and theoretically can be an indication of electron energization/cooling processes there. So far, the spatial evolution of PAD has been well studied, leaving the temporal evolution as an open question. To reveal the temporal …
A Study of the Earth-Affecting CMEs of Solar Cycle 24
Hess, Phillip; Zhang, Jie
Using in situ observations from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), we have identified 70 Earth-affecting interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in Solar Cycle 24. Because of the unprecedented extent of heliospheric observations in Cycle 24 that has been achieved thanks to the Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation…
Solar wind- and EUV-dependent models for the shapes of the Martian plasma boundaries based on Mars Express measurements
Barabash, Stas; Holmström, Mats; Futaana, Yoshifumi +1 more
The long operational life (2003-present) of Mars Express (MEX) has allowed the spacecraft to make plasma measurements in the Martian environment over a wide range of upstream conditions. We have analyzed ∼7000 MEX orbits, covering three orders of magnitude in solar wind dynamic pressure, with data from the on board Analyzer of Space Plasmas and En…
The redshift evolution of major merger triggering of luminous AGNs: a slight enhancement at z ∼ 2
Wild, Vivienne; Villforth, Carolin; Rowlands, Kate +3 more
Active galactic nuclei (AGNs), particularly the most luminous AGNs, are commonly assumed to be triggered through major mergers; however, observational evidence for this scenario is mixed. To investigate any influence of galaxy mergers on AGN triggering and luminosities through cosmic time, we present a sample of 106 luminous X-ray-selected type 1 …
Global observations of magnetospheric high-m poloidal waves during the 22 June 2015 magnetic storm
Russell, C. T.; Anderson, B. J.; Nakamura, R. +12 more
We report global observations of high-m poloidal waves during the recovery phase of the 22 June 2015 magnetic storm from a constellation of widely spaced satellites of five missions including Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS), Van Allen Probes, Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorm (THEMIS), Cluster, and Geostationary Op…
HST PanCET program: A Cloudy Atmosphere for the Promising JWST Target WASP-101b
Sanz-Forcada, J.; Ehrenreich, D.; Lecavelier des Etangs, A. +19 more
We present results from the first observations of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Panchromatic Comparative Exoplanet Treasury program for WASP-101b, a highly inflated hot Jupiter and one of the community targets proposed for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Early Release Science (ERS) program. From a single HST Wide Field Camera 3 observatio…
Thick Disks in the Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields
Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Elmegreen, Debra Meloy; Tompkins, Brittany +1 more
Thick disk evolution is studied using edge-on galaxies in two Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Field Parallels. The galaxies were separated into 72 clumpy types and 35 spiral types with bulges. Perpendicular light profiles in F435W, F606W, and F814W (B, V, and I) passbands were measured at 1 pixel intervals along the major axes and fitted to sech