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Fractal dust constrains the collisional history of comets
Blum, J.; Fulle, M.
The fractal dust particles observed by Rosetta cannot form in the physical conditions observed today in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P hereinafter), being instead consistent with models of the pristine dust aggregates coagulated in the solar nebula. Since bouncing collisions in the protoplanetary disc restructure fractals into compact aggreg…
Evolution of N/O abundance ratios and ionization parameters from z ∼ 0 to 2 investigated by the direct temperature method*†
Ono, Yoshiaki; Ouchi, Masami; Harikane, Yuichi +3 more
We present N/O abundance ratios, ionization parameters qion, and oxygen abundances O/H for a total of 41 galaxies (11 individual galaxies and a 30-galaxy stack) including Lyα emitters and Lyman break galaxies at z ∼ 2, and investigate galaxy evolution from z ∼ 0 to 2 in conjunction with 208529 local galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky S…
Globular Cluster Systems in Brightest Cluster Galaxies. III: Beyond Bimodality
Bailin, Jeremy; Rothberg, Barry; Harris, William E. +4 more
We present new deep photometry of the rich globular cluster (GC) systems around the Brightest Cluster Galaxies UGC 9799 (Abell 2052) and UGC 10143 (Abell 2147), obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) ACS and WFC3 cameras. For comparison, we also present new reductions of similar HST/ACS data for the Coma supergiants NGC 4874 and 4889. All …
The Grism Lens-amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). X. Sub-kiloparsec Resolution Gas-phase Metallicity Maps at Cosmic Noon behind the Hubble Frontier Fields Cluster MACS1149.6+2223
Fontana, Adriano; Schmidt, Kasper B.; Treu, Tommaso +17 more
We combine deep Hubble Space Telescope grism spectroscopy with a new Bayesian method to derive maps of gas-phase metallicity for 10 star-forming galaxies at high redshift (1.2≲ z≲ 2.3). Exploiting lensing magnification by the foreground cluster MACS1149.6+2223, we reach sub-kiloparsec spatial resolution and push the limit of stellar mass associate…
A Massive Shell of Supernova-formed Dust in SNR G54.1+0.3
Gelfand, Joseph D.; Temim, Tea; Reynolds, Stephen P. +5 more
While theoretical models of dust condensation predict that most refractory elements produced in core-collapse supernovae (SNe) efficiently condense into dust, a large quantity of dust has so far only been observed in SN 1987A. We present an analysis of observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope, Herschel Space Observatory, Stratospheric Observa…
Dust-trapping Vortices and a Potentially Planet-triggered Spiral Wake in the Pre-transitional Disk of V1247 Orionis
Monnier, John D.; Kraus, Stefan; Wisniewski, John +9 more
The radial drift problem constitutes one of the most fundamental problems in planet formation theory, as it predicts particles to drift into the star before they are able to grow to planetesimal size. Dust-trapping vortices have been proposed as a possible solution to this problem, as they might be able to trap particles over millions of years, al…
X-Rays from the Location of the Double-humped Transient ASASSN-15lh
Sbarufatti, B.; Berger, E.; Dall'Osso, S. +13 more
We present the detection of persistent soft X-ray radiation with {L}x∼ {10}41-1042 erg s-1 at the location of the extremely luminous, double-humped transient ASASSN-15lh as revealed by Chandra and Swift. We interpret this finding in the context of observations from our multiwavelength campaign, which rev…
Dual Maxwellian-Kappa modeling of the solar wind electrons: new clues on the temperature of Kappa populations
Fichtner, H.; Pierrard, V.; Lazar, M. +2 more
Context. Recent studies on Kappa distribution functions invoked in space plasma applications have emphasized two alternative approaches that may assume the temperature parameter either dependent or independent of the power-index κ. Each of them can obtain justification in different scenarios involving Kappa-distributed plasmas, but direct evidence…
CMB Polarization B-mode Delensing with SPTpol and Herschel
Bock, J. J.; Chiang, H. C.; Conley, A. +60 more
We present a demonstration of delensing the observed cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode polarization anisotropy. This process of reducing the gravitational-lensing-generated B-mode component will become increasingly important for improving searches for the B modes produced by primordial gravitational waves. In this work, we delens B-mode map…
Nonequilibrium Processes in the Solar Corona, Transition Region, Flares, and Solar Wind (Invited Review)
Krucker, Säm; Meyer-Vernet, Nicole; Del Zanna, Giulio +12 more
We review the presence and signatures of the non-equilibrium processes, both non-Maxwellian distributions and non-equilibrium ionization, in the solar transition region, corona, solar wind, and flares. Basic properties of the non-Maxwellian distributions are described together with their influence on the heat flux as well as on the rates of indivi…