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The Parallax of the Red Hypergiant VX Sgr with Accurate Tropospheric Delay Calibration
Menten, Karl M.; Reid, Mark J.; Zhang, Bo +3 more
We report astrometric results of VLBI phase-referencing observations of 22 GHz H2O masers emission toward the red hypergiant VX Sgr, one of most massive and luminous red hypergiant stars in our Galaxy, using the Very Long Baseline Array. A background source, J1820-2528, projected 4.°4 from the target VX Sgr, was used as the phase refere…
Comet C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy) between 2 and 10 Solar Radii: Physical Parameters of the Comet and the Corona
Giordano, Silvio; Raymond, J. C.; Downs, Cooper +3 more
Comet C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy) is the first sungrazing comet in many years to survive perihelion passage. We report ultraviolet observations with the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) spectrometer aboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory satellite at five heights as the comet approached the Sun. The brightest line, Lyα, shows dramatic va…
In-flight calibration of Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer. (1) Background
Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Eckart, Megan E.; Kelley, Richard L. +19 more
The X-Ray Spectrometer (XRS) instrument of Suzaku provided the first measurement of the non-X-ray background (NXB) of an X-ray calorimeter spectrometer, but the data set was limited. The Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) instrument of Hitomi was able to provide a more detailed picture of X-ray calorimeter background, with more than 360 ks of data whil…
JVLA 1.5 GHz Continuum Observation of CLASH Clusters. I. Radio Properties of the BCGs
Donahue, Megan; Rosati, Piero; Aravena, Manuel +6 more
We present high-resolution (∼1″), 1.5 GHz continuum observations of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) of 13 CLASH (Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble) clusters at 0.18< z< 0.69 with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA). Radio emission is clearly detected and characterized for 11 BCGs, while for two of them we obtain o…
Science exploration architecture for Phobos and Deimos: The role of Phobos and Deimos in the future exploration of Mars
Head, James W.; Qiao, Le; Pieters, Carle M. +12 more
Phobos and Deimos are the only natural satellites of the terrestrial planets, other than our Moon. Despite decades of revolutionary Mars exploration and plans to send humans to the surface of Mars in the 2030's, there are many strategic knowledge gaps regarding the moons of Mars, specifically regarding the origin and evolution of these bodies. Add…
The TOP-SCOPE Survey of PGCCs: PMO and SCUBA-2 Observations of 64 PGCCs in the Second Galactic Quadrant
Marston, Anthony; Sanhueza, Patricio; Kim, Kee-Tae +23 more
In order to understand the initial conditions and early evolution of star formation in a wide range of Galactic environments, we carried out an investigation of 64 Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) in the second quadrant of the Milky Way. Using the 13CO and C18O J = 1-0 lines and 850 µm continuum observations, we inve…
EDGES result versus CMB and low-redshift constraints on ionization histories
Mena, Olga; Gariazzo, Stefano; Witte, Samuel +2 more
We examine the results from the Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization Signature (EDGES), which has recently claimed the detection of a strong absorption in the 21 cm hyperfine transition line of neutral hydrogen, at redshifts demarcating the early stages of star formation. More concretely, we study the compatibility of the shape of…
Twenty years of photometric microlensing events predicted by Gaia DR2. Potential planet-hosting lenses within 100 pc
Lindegren, Lennart; Mustill, Alexander J.; Davies, Melvyn B.
Context. Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) offers unparalleled precision on stars' parallaxes and proper motions. This allows the prediction of microlensing events for which the lens stars (and any planets they possess) are nearby and may be well studied and characterised.
Aims: We identify a number of potential microlensing events that will occur be…
Constraining Solar Position and Velocity with a nearby Hypervelocity Star
Hattori, Kohei; Castro, Norberto; Valluri, Monica
Gravitational three-body interaction among binary stars and the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way occasionally ejects a hypervelocity star (HVS) with a velocity of ∼ 1000 {km} {{{s}}}-1. Due to the ejection location, such an HVS initially has negligible azimuthal angular momentum {L}z≃ 0 {kpc} {km} {{{s}}…
LLAMA: nuclear stellar properties of Swift-BAT AGN and matched inactive galaxies
Lutz, D.; Genzel, R.; Sturm, E. +20 more
In a complete sample of local 14-195 keV selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and inactive galaxies, matched by their host galaxy properties, we study the spatially resolved stellar kinematics and luminosity distributions at near-infrared wavelengths on scales of 10-150 pc, using SINFONI on the VLT. In this paper, we present the first half of th…