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The transitional gap transient AT 2018hso: new insights into the luminous red nova phenomenon
Gromadzki, M.; Mason, E.; Cappellaro, E. +20 more
Context. The absolute magnitudes of luminous red novae (LRNe) are intermediate between those of novae and supernovae (SNe), and show a relatively homogeneous spectro-photometric evolution. Although they were thought to derive from core instabilities in single stars, there is growing support for the idea that they are triggered by binary interactio…
Solar Irradiance Variability: Comparisons of Models and Measurements
Haberreiter, M.; Kopp, G.; Baranyi, T. +8 more
The Earth system responds to solar variability on a wide range of timescales. Knowledge of total solar irradiance (TSI) and solar spectral irradiance (SSI) spanning minutes to centuries is needed by scientists studying a broad array of research applications. For these purposes, the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Climate…
Simulating and interpreting deep observations in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field with the JWST/NIRSpec low-resolution `prism'
Charlot, Stéphane; Chevallard, Jacopo; Maseda, Michael V. +16 more
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will enable the detection of optical emission lines in galaxies spanning a broad range of luminosities out to redshifts z ≳ 10. Measurements of key galaxy properties, such as star formation rate and metallicity, through these observations will provide unique insight into, e.g. the role of feedback from stars a…
The period-luminosity relation of red supergiants with Gaia DR2
Bedding, Timothy R.; Murphy, Simon J.; Dobie, Dougal +3 more
We revisit the K -band period-luminosity (P-L) relations of Galactic red supergiants using Gaia Data Release 2 parallaxes and up to 70 yr of photometry from AAVSO and ASAS campaigns. In addition, we examine 206 LMC red supergiants using 50 yr of photometric data from the digitized Harvard Astronomical Plate Collection. We identified periods by com…
Experimental phase function and degree of linear polarization of cometary dust analogues
Bertini, I.; Cremonese, G.; Lazzarin, M. +12 more
We present experimental phase function and degree of linear polarization curves for seven samples of cometary dust analogues namely: ground pieces of Allende, DaG521, FRO95002, and FRO99040 meteorites, Mg-rich olivine and pyroxene, and a sample of organic tholins. The experimental curves have been obtained at the IAA Cosmic Dust Laboratory at a wa…
Kinematics of the Palomar 5 Stellar Stream from RR Lyrae Stars
Price-Whelan, Adrian M.; Belokurov, Vasily; Bonaca, Ana +3 more
Thin stellar streams, formed from the tidal disruption of globular clusters, are important gravitational tools, sensitive to both global and small-scale properties of dark matter. The Palomar 5 stellar stream (Pal 5) is an exemplar stream within the Milky Way: its ∼20° tidal tails connect back to the progenitor cluster, and the stream has been use…
Current Sheets, Magnetic Islands, and Associated Particle Acceleration in the Solar Wind as Observed by Ulysses near the Ecliptic Plane
Zank, Gary P.; Bruno, Roberto; Li, Gang +16 more
Recent studies of particle acceleration in the heliosphere have revealed a new mechanism that can locally energize particles up to several MeV nucleon-1. Stream-stream interactions, as well as the heliospheric current sheet (CS)—stream interactions, lead to formation of large magnetic cavities, bordered by strong CSs, which in turn prod…
Evidence for short ∼ 1 Myr lifetimes from the He II proximity zones of z ∼ 4 quasars
Hennawi, Joseph F.; Worseck, Gábor; Khrykin, Ilya S.
The duration of quasar accretion episodes is a key quantity for distinguishing between models for the formation and growth of supermassive black holes, the evolution of quasars, and their potential feedback effects on their host galaxies. However, this critical time-scale, often referred to as the quasar lifetime, is still uncertain by orders of m…
The Role of Cluster Mass in the Multiple Populations of Galactic and Extragalactic Globular Clusters
Milone, Antonino P.; Tailo, Marco; Lagioia, Edoardo P. +2 more
Studies based on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry in F275W, F336W, and F438W have shown that the incidence and complexity of multiple populations (MPs) in globular clusters (GCs) depend on cluster mass. This result, however, is based on nearby, low-reddening Galactic GCs, for which we can obtain accurate F275W photometry. In this work, we e…
Hot, rocky and warm, puffy super-Earths orbiting TOI-402 (HD 15337)
Latham, David W.; Ricker, George R.; Seager, Sara +30 more
Context. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is revolutionising the search for planets orbiting bright and nearby stars. In sectors 3 and 4, TESS observed TOI-402 (TIC-120896927), a bright V = 9.1 K1 dwarf also known as HD 15337, and found two transiting signals with periods of 4.76 and 17.18 days and radii of 1.90 and 2.21 R⊕