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A catalogue of Galactic supernova remnants in the far-infrared: revealing ejecta dust in pulsar wind nebulae
De Looze, I.; Rho, J.; Dunne, L. +7 more
We search for far-infrared counterparts of known supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Galactic plane (10° < |l| < 60°) at 70-500 µm using the Herschel Infrared Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL). Of 71 sources studied, we find that 29 (41 per cent) SNRs have a clear FIR detection of dust emission associated with the SNR. Dust from 8 of these i…
Precise Ages of Field Stars from White Dwarf Companions
Tian, Haijun; Rix, Hans-Walter; Fouesneau, Morgan +2 more
Observational tests of stellar and Galactic chemical evolution call for the joint knowledge of a star’s physical parameters, detailed element abundances, and precise age. For cool main-sequence (MS) stars the abundances of many elements can be measured from spectroscopy, but ages are very hard to determine. The situation is different if the MS sta…
The Nature of Ionized Gas in the Milky Way Galactic Fountain
Zheng, Y.; Prochaska, J. X.; Deason, A. J. +6 more
We address the spatial scale, ionization structure, mass, and metal content of gas at the Milky Way disk-halo interface detected as absorption in the foreground of seven closely spaced, high-latitude halo blue horizontal branch stars with heights z = 3-14 kpc. We detect transitions that trace multiple ionization states (e.g., Ca II, Fe II, Si IV, …
Isotopic ratios of Saturn's rings and satellites: Implications for the origin of water and Phoebe
Clark, Roger N.; Brown, Robert H.; Cruikshank, Dale P. +1 more
Isotopic ratios have long been used to learn about physical processes acting over a wide range of geological environments, and in constraining the origin and/or evolution of planetary bodies. We report the spectroscopic detection of deuterium in Saturn's rings and satellites, and use these measurements to determine the (D/H) ratios in their near-s…
Photospheric magnetic structure of coronal holes
Temmer, Manuela; Veronig, Astrid; Hofmeister, Stefan J. +2 more
In this study, we investigate in detail the photospheric magnetic structure of 98 coronal holes using line-of-sight magnetograms of SDO/HMI, and for a subset of 42 coronal holes using HINODE/SOT G-band filtergrams. We divided the magnetic field maps into magnetic elements and quiet coronal hole regions by applying a threshold at ±25 G. We find tha…
Constraints on Upper Cutoffs in the Mass Functions of Young Star Clusters
Fall, S. Michael; Chandar, Rupali; Mok, Angus
We test claims that the power-law mass functions of young star clusters (ages ≲ few × 108 yr) have physical upper cutoffs at {M}* ∼ {10}5 {M}⊙ . Specifically, we perform maximum likelihood fits of the Schechter function, \psi (M)={dN}/{dM}\propto {M}β \exp (-M/{M}* ), to the observe…
M I C R O S C O P E limits on the strength of a new force with comparisons to gravity and electromagnetism
Fayet, Pierre
Extremely weak new forces could lead to apparent violations of the equivalence principle. The MICROSCOPE experiment implies that the relative strength of a new long-range force, compared with gravity, is constrained to |α¯ g|<3.2 ×10-11 , 2.3 ×10-13 , 2.2 ×10-13 , 6.7 ×10-13 , and 1.5 ×10
Abundances of disk and bulge giants from high-resolution optical spectra. IV. Zr, La, Ce, Eu
Ryde, N.; Jönsson, H.; Matteucci, F. +1 more
Context. Observations of the Galactic bulge suggest that the disk formed through secular evolution rather than gas dissipation and/or mergers, as previously believed. This would imply very similar chemistry in the disk and bulge. Some elements, such as the α-elements, are well studied in the bulge, but others like the neutron-capture elements are …
Cloud Atlas: Hubble Space Telescope Near-infrared Spectral Library of Brown Dwarfs, Planetary-mass Companions, and Hot Jupiters
Schneider, Glenn; Apai, Dániel; Burgasser, Adam J. +12 more
Bayesian atmospheric retrieval tools can place constraints on the properties of brown dwarfs' and hot Jupiters' atmospheres. To fully exploit these methods, high signal-to-noise spectral libraries with well-understood uncertainties are essential. We present a high signal-to-noise spectral library (1.10-1.69 µm) of the thermal emission of 76 …
Modelling depletion by re-accretion of gas from a dusty disc in post-AGB stars
Van Winckel, Hans; Nelemans, Gijs; Pols, Onno +1 more
Many disc-type post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) stars are chemically peculiar, showing underabundances of refractory elements in their photospheres that correlate with condensation temperature. The aim of this paper is to investigate how accretion from a circumbinary disc can cause this phenomenon of depletion and how this impacts the evolu…