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Yule-Simpson's paradox in Galactic Archaeology
Guiglion, G.; Anders, F.; Chiappini, C. +7 more
Simpson's paradox, or Yule-Simpson effect, arises when a trend appears in different subsets of data but disappears or reverses when these subsets are combined. We describe here seven cases of this phenomenon for chemo-kinematical relations believed to constrain the Milky Way disc formation and evolution. We show that interpreting trends in relatio…
ASKAP detection of periodic and elliptically polarized radio pulses from UV Ceti
Kaplan, David L.; Lenc, Emil; Phillips, Chris +9 more
Active M dwarfs are known to produce bursty radio emission, and multiwavelength studies have shown that solar-like magnetic activity occurs in these stars. However, coherent bursts from active M dwarfs have often been difficult to interpret in the solar activity paradigm. We present Australian Square Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) observations of UV Cet…
Chemical and kinematic structure of extremely high-velocity molecular jets in the Serpens Main star-forming region
Hull, Charles L. H.; Le Gouellec, Valentin J. M.; van Dishoeck, Ewine F. +3 more
Context. Outflows are one of the first signposts of ongoing star formation. The fastest molecular component of protostellar outflows, extremely high-velocity (EHV) molecular jets, are still puzzling since they are seen only rarely. As they originate deep inside the embedded protostar-disk system, they provide vital information about the outflow-la…
A deep groundwater origin for recurring slope lineae on Mars
Heggy, Essam; Abotalib, Abotalib Z.
The recurring slope lineae on Mars have been hypothesized to originate from snow melting, deliquescence, dry flow or shallow groundwater. Except for the dry flow origin, these hypotheses imply the presence of surficial or near-surface volatiles, placing the exploration and characterization of potential habitable environments within the reach of ex…
Kinetic Turbulence in Astrophysical Plasmas: Waves and/or Structures?
Chen, Christopher H. K.; Grošelj, Daniel; Mallet, Alfred +3 more
The question of the relative importance of coherent structures and waves has for a long time attracted a great deal of interest in astrophysical plasma turbulence research, with a more recent focus on kinetic scale dynamics. Here we utilize high-resolution observational and simulation data to investigate the nature of waves and structures emerging…
The SOPHIE search for northern extrasolar planets. XIV. A temperate (Teq 300 K) super-earth around the nearby star Gliese 411
Bouchy, F.; Deleuil, M.; Moutou, C. +33 more
Periodic radial velocity variations in the nearby M-dwarf star Gl 411 are reported, based on measurements with the SOPHIE spectrograph. Current data do not allow us to distinguish between a 12.95-day period and its one-day alias at 1.08 days, but favour the former slightly. The velocity variation has an amplitude of 1.6 m s-1, making th…
The chemical composition of HIP 34407/HIP 34426 and other twin-star comoving pairs
Lambert, D. L.; Endl, M.; Meléndez, J. +4 more
We conducted a high-precision elemental abundance analysis of the twin-star comoving pair HIP 34407/HIP 34426. With mean error of 0.013 dex in the differential abundances (Δ[X/H]), a significant difference was found: HIP 34407 is more metal rich than HIP 34426. The elemental abundance differences correlate strongly with condensation temperature, w…
A Census of Early-phase High-mass Star Formation in the Central Molecular Zone
Ott, Jürgen; Lu, Xing; Henshaw, Jonathan D. +13 more
We present new observations of the C-band continuum emission and masers to assess high-mass (>8 {M}⊙ ) star formation at early evolutionary phases in the inner 200 pc of the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy. The continuum observation is complete to free-free emission from stars above 10-11 {M}⊙ in 91% of the cov…
The diverse galaxy counts in the environment of high-redshift massive black holes in Horizon-AGN
Somerville, Rachel S.; Volonteri, Marta; Habouzit, Mélanie +4 more
High-redshift quasars are believed to reside in highly biased regions of the Universe, where black hole growth is sustained by an enhanced number of mergers and by being at the intersection of filaments bringing fresh gas. This assumption should be supported by an enhancement of the number counts of galaxies in the field of view of quasars. While …
The power spectrum of the Lyman-α Forest at z < 0.5
Hennawi, Joseph F.; Tripp, Todd M.; Prochaska, J. Xavier +7 more
We present new measurements of the flux power-spectrum P(k) of the z < 0.5 H I Lyman-α Forest spanning scales k ∼ 0.001-0.1 s km^{-1}. These results were derived from 65 far-ultraviolet quasar spectra (resolution R ∼ 18 000) observed with the Cosmic Origin Spectrograph (COS) on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The analysis required careful mas…