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Anisotropy of the Universe via the Pantheon supernovae sample revisited
Zhao, Dong; Chang, Zhe; Zhou, Yong
We employ the hemisphere comparison (HC) method and the dipole fitting (DF) method to investigate the cosmic anisotropy in the recently released Pantheon sample of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and five combinations among Pantheon. For the HC method, we find that the maximum anisotropy level in the full Pantheon sample is ALmax = 0.361 ± …
The dust content of the Crab Nebula
De Looze, I.; Gomez, H. L.; Barlow, M. J. +7 more
We have modelled the near-infrared to radio images of the Crab Nebula with a Bayesian SED model to simultaneously fit its synchrotron, interstellar (IS), and supernova dust emission. We infer an IS dust extinction map with an average AV = 1.08 ± 0.38 mag, consistent with a small contribution ({≲ }22{{ per cent}}) to the Crab's overall i…
More than just a wrinkle: a wave-like pattern in Ug versus Lz from Gaia data
Schönrich, Ralph; Friske, Jennifer K. S.
We present a newly found wave-like pattern in mean Galactocentric radial velocity {\overline{U}_ g} versus guiding centre radius Rg or angular momentum Lz of stars in the RV subsample of Gaia DR2. The short-wave pattern has a wavelength of order 1.2 kpc in Rg or 285 kpc km s^{-1} in Lz. The pattern shows…
Multiple Components of the Jhelum Stellar Stream
Conroy, Charlie; Hogg, David W.; Price-Whelan, Adrian M. +1 more
In simple models of the Milky Way, tidally disrupting satellites produce long and thin—nearly one-dimensional—stellar streams. Using astrometric data from the Gaia second data release and photometry from the Dark Energy Survey, we demonstrate that the Jhelum stream, a stellar stream in the inner halo, is a two-dimensional structure. The spatial di…
Star formation at the edge of the Local Group: a rising star formation history in the isolated galaxy WLM
Dolphin, Andrew E.; Skillman, Evan D.; Williams, Benjamin F. +11 more
We present the star formation history (SFH) of the isolated (D ∼ 970 kpc) Local Group dwarf galaxy Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM) measured from colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) constructed from deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging. Our observations include a central (0.5 r_h) and outer field (0.7 r_h) that reach below the oldest main-sequence turn-off…
The survey of planetary nebulae in Andromeda (M 31). I. Imaging the disc and halo with MegaCam at the CFHT
Caldwell, Nelson; Gerhard, Ortwin; Arnaboldi, Magda +4 more
Context. The Andromeda (M 31) galaxy subtends nearly 100 square degrees on the sky. Any study of its halo must therefore account for the severe contamination from the Milky Way halo stars whose surface density displays a steep gradient across the entire M 31 field of view.
Aims: Our goal is to identify a population of stars firmly associated …
HARPS-N radial velocities confirm the low densities of the Kepler-9 planets
Poretti, E.; Sozzetti, A.; Piotto, G. +20 more
We investigated the discrepancy between planetary mass determinations using the transit timing variations (TTVs) and radial velocities (RVs), by analysing the multiplanet system Kepler-9. Despite being the first system characterized with TTVs, there are several discrepant solutions in the literature, with those reporting lower planetary densities …
When the tale comes true: multiple populations and wide binaries in the Orion Nebula Cluster
Manara, Carlo F.; Petr-Gotzens, Monika G.; Boffin, Henri M. J. +5 more
Context. Recently published high-quality OmegaCAM photometry of the 3 × 3 deg around the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) in r, and i filters revealed three well-separated pre-main sequences in the color-magnitude diagram (CMD). The objects belonging to the individual sequences are concentrated toward the center of the ONC. The authors concluded that th…
Distributed glycine in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Lasue, J.; Altwegg, K.; Biver, N. +10 more
Most of the gaseous molecules that are detected in cometary atmospheres are produced through sublimation of nucleus ices. Distributed sources may also occur, that is, production within the coma, from the solid component of dust particles that are ejected from the nucleus. Glycine, the simplest amino acid, was observed episodically in the atmospher…
Star Formation and ISM Properties in the Host Galaxies of Three Far-infrared Luminous Quasars at z ∼ 6
Strauss, Michael A.; Fan, Xiaohui; Jiang, Linhua +11 more
We present Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations of the CO (2-1) line emission toward three far-infrared luminous quasars at z ∼ 6: SDSS J231038.88+185519.7 and SDSS J012958.51-003539.7 with ∼0.″6 resolution and SDSS J205406.42-000514.8 with ∼2.″1 resolution. All three sources are detected in the CO (2-1) line emission—one source is margina…