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A Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Transiting the Late-type M Dwarf LP 791-18
Mikal-Evans, Thomas; Latham, David W.; Tamura, Motohide +57 more
Planets occur most frequently around cool dwarfs, but only a handful of specific examples are known to orbit the latest-type M stars. Using TESS photometry, we report the discovery of two planets transiting the low-mass star called LP 791-18 (identified by TESS as TOI 736). This star has spectral type M6V, effective temperature 2960 K, and radius …
The MOSDEF Survey: Broad Emission Lines at z = 1.4-3.8
Siana, Brian; Shapley, Alice E.; Azadi, Mojegan +12 more
We present results from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey on broad flux from the nebular emission lines Hα, [N II], [O III], Hβ, and [S II]. The sample consists of 127 star-forming galaxies at 1.37 < z < 2.61 and 84 galaxies at 2.95 < z < 3.80. We decompose the emission lines using narrow and broad Gaussian components that we def…
A 3D view of the Hyades stellar and sub-stellar population
Smart, R. L.; Lodieu, N.; Pérez-Garrido, A. +1 more
Aims: Our scientific goal is to provide a 3D map of the nearest open cluster to the Sun, the Hyades, combining the recent release of Gaia astrometric data, ground-based parallaxes of sub-stellar member candidates and photometric data from surveys which cover large areas of the cluster.
Methods: We combined the second Gaia release with gr…
Optical polarised phase function of the HR 4796A dust ring
Pinte, C.; Ménard, F.; Avenhaus, H. +23 more
Context. The scattering properties of the dust originating from debris discs are still poorly known. The analysis of scattered light is however a powerful remote-sensing tool to understand the physical properties of dust particles orbiting other stars. Scattered light is indeed widely used to characterise the properties of cometary dust in the sol…
The Distribution of Ultra-diffuse and Ultra-compact Galaxies in the Frontier Fields
Forbes, Duncan A.; Romanowsky, Aaron J.; Abraham, Roberto +2 more
Large low-surface-brightness galaxies have recently been found to be abundant in nearby galaxy clusters. In this paper, we investigate these ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the six Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy clusters: A2744, MACS J0416.1-2403, MACS J0717.5+3745, MACS J1149.5+2223, AS1063, and A370. These are the most massive (1-3 × 1015
The Pisces Plume and the Magellanic wake
Carballo-Bello, Julio A.; Erkal, Denis; Belokurov, Vasily +5 more
Using RR Lyrae stars in the Gaia Data Release 2 and Pan-STARRS1 we study the properties of the Pisces overdensity, a diffuse substructure in the outer halo of the Milky Way. We show that along the line of sight, Pisces appears as a broad and long plume of stars stretching from 40 to 110 kpc with a steep distance gradient. On the sky Pisces's elong…
Millimeter Mapping at z ∼ 1: Dust-obscured Bulge Building and Disk Growth
Übler, Hannah; Price, Sedona H.; Belli, Sirio +16 more
A randomly chosen star in today’s universe is most likely to live in a galaxy with stellar mass between the Milky Way and Andromeda. It remains uncertain, however, how the structural evolution of these bulge-disk systems proceeded. Most of the unobscured star formation we observe by building Andromeda progenitor s at 0.7 < z < 1.5 occurs in …
Testing Systematics of Gaia DR2 Parallaxes with Empirical Surface Brightness: Color Relations Applied to Eclipsing Binaries
Breuval, Louise; Gieren, Wolfgang; Pietrzyński, Grzegorz +18 more
Using a sample of 81 galactic, detached eclipsing binary stars we investigated the global zero-point shift of their parallaxes with the Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) parallaxes. The stars in the sample lay in a distance range of 0.04-2 kpc from the Sun. The photometric parallaxes ϖ Phot of the eclipsing binaries were determined by applying …
Anatomy of a Cooling Flow: The Feedback Response to Pure Cooling in the Core of the Phoenix Cluster
Sharon, K.; Gladders, M. D.; Gaspari, M. +17 more
We present new, deep observations of the Phoenix cluster from Chandra, the Hubble Space Telescope, and the Karl Jansky Very Large Array. These data provide an order-of-magnitude improvement in depth and/or angular resolution over previous observations at X-ray, optical, and radio wavelengths. We find that the one-dimensional temperature and entrop…
Lessons from the curious case of the `fastest' star in Gaia DR2
Evans, N. W.; Koposov, S. E.; Seabroke, G. +6 more
Gaia DR2 5932173855446728064 was recently proposed to be unbound from the Milky Way based on the -614.3± 2.5 km s^{-1} median radial velocity given in Gaia DR2. We obtained eight epochs of spectroscopic follow-up and find a very different median radial velocity of -56.5 ± 5.3 km s^{-1}. If this difference were to be explained by binarity, then the…