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Element Abundances: A New Diagnostic for the Solar Wind
Vourlidas, Angelos; Cranmer, Steven R.; Wood, Brian E. +11 more
We examine the different element abundances exhibited by the closed loop solar corona and the slow speed solar wind. Both are subject to the first ionization potential (FIP) effect, the enhancement in coronal abundance of elements with FIP below 10 eV (e.g., Mg, Si, Fe) with respect to high-FIP elements (e.g., O, Ne, Ar), but with subtle differenc…
Discovery of Tidal Tails in Disrupting Open Clusters: Coma Berenices and a Neighbor Stellar Group
Lin, Chien-Cheng; Tang, Shih-Yun; Chen, W. P. +6 more
We report the discovery of tidal structures around the intermediate-aged (∼700-800 Myr), nearby (∼85 pc) star cluster Coma Berenices. The spatial and kinematic grouping of stars is determined with the Gaia DR2 parallax and proper motion data, by a clustering analysis tool, STARGO, to map 5D parameters (X, Y, Z, {µ }α \cos δ ,{&mic…
Gaia DR2 in 6D: searching for the fastest stars in the Galaxy
Rossi, E. M.; Brown, A. G. A.; Marchetti, T.
We search for the fastest stars in the subset of stars with radial velocity measurements of the second data release (DR2) of the European Space Agency mission Gaia. Starting from the observed positions, parallaxes, proper motions, and radial velocities, we construct the distance and total velocity distribution of more than 7 million stars in our M…
The eye of Gaia on globular clusters kinematics: internal rotation
Hilker, M.; Baumgardt, H.; Sollima, A.
We derived the three-dimensional velocities of individual stars in a sample of 62 Galactic globular clusters using proper motions from the second data release of the Gaia mission together with the most comprehensive set of line-of-sight velocities with the aim of investigating the rotation pattern of these stellar systems. We detect the unambiguou…
The Milky Way bar/bulge in proper motions: a 3D view from VIRAC and Gaia
Smith, Leigh C.; Gerhard, Ortwin; Wegg, Christopher +3 more
We have derived absolute proper motions of the entire Galactic bulge region from VVV Infrared Astrometric Catalogue (VIRAC) and Gaia. We present these both as integrated on-sky maps and, after isolating standard candle red clump (RC) stars, as a function of distance using RC magnitude as a proxy. These data provide a new global, 3D view of the Mil…
Accounting for incompleteness due to transit multiplicity in Kepler planet occurrence rates
Christiansen, Jessie L.; Zink, Jon K.; Hansen, Bradley M. S.
We investigate the role that planet detection order plays in the Kepler planet detection pipeline. The Kepler pipeline typically detects planets in order of descending signal strength (MES). We find that the detectability of transits experiences an additional 5.5 per cent and 15.9 per cent efficiency loss, for periods <200 days and >200 days…
SIXTE: a generic X-ray instrument simulation toolkit
Wilms, Jörn; Dauser, Thomas; Falkner, Sebastian +8 more
We give an overview of the SImulation of X-ray TElescopes (SIXTE) software package, a generic, mission-independent Monte Carlo simulation toolkit for X-ray astronomical instrumentation. The package is based on a modular approach for the source definition, the description of the optics, and the detector type such that new missions can be easily imp…
Highly luminous supernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts. I. GRB 111209A/SN 2011kl in the context of stripped-envelope and superluminous supernovae
Pian, E.; Greiner, J.; Klose, S. +22 more
Context. GRB 111209A, one of the longest gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) ever observed, is linked to SN 2011kl, which is the most luminous GRB supernova (SN) detected so far. Several lines of evidence indicate that this GRB-SN is powered by a magnetar central engine.
Aims: We place SN 2011kl into the context of large samples of SNe, addressing in mor…
Under the FIRElight: Stellar Tracers of the Local Dark Matter Velocity Distribution in the Milky Way
Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André; Hopkins, Philip F.; Sanderson, Robyn +5 more
The Gaia era opens new possibilities for discovering the remnants of disrupted satellite galaxies in the solar neighborhood. If the population of local accreted stars is correlated with the dark matter sourced by the same mergers, one can then map the dark matter distribution directly. Using two cosmological zoom-in hydrodynamic simulations of Mil…
Observable tests of self-interacting dark matter in galaxy clusters: BCG wobbles in a constant density core
Massey, Richard; Harvey, David; Robertson, Andrew +1 more
Models of cold dark matter (CDM) predict that the distribution of dark matter in galaxy clusters should be cuspy, centrally concentrated. Constant density cores would be strong evidence for beyond CDM physics, such as self-interacting dark matter (SIDM). An observable consequence would be oscillations of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in other…