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Life in the fast lane: a direct view of the dynamics, formation, and evolution of the Milky Way's bar
Bovy, Jo; Mackereth, J. Ted; Hunt, Jason A. S. +3 more
Studies of the ages, abundances, and motions of individual stars in the Milky Way provide one of the best ways to study the evolution of disc galaxies over cosmic time. The formation of the Milky Way's barred inner region in particular is a crucial piece of the puzzle of disc galaxy evolution. Using data from APOGEE and Gaia, we present maps of th…
H2O abundances and cloud properties in ten hot giant exoplanets
Madhusudhan, Nikku; Gandhi, Siddharth; Pinhas, Arazi +1 more
Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has the potential to provide precise measurements of atmospheric chemical abundances, in particular of hot Jupiters whose large sizes and high temperatures make them conducive to such observations. To date, several transmission spectra of hot Jupiters have revealed low amplitude features of water vapour comp…
A Second Galaxy Missing Dark Matter in the NGC 1052 Group
van Dokkum, Pieter; Romanowsky, Aaron J.; Conroy, Charlie +2 more
The ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC1052-DF2 has a very low velocity dispersion, indicating that it has little or no dark matter. Here we report the discovery of a second galaxy in this class, residing in the same group. NGC1052-DF4 closely resembles NGC1052-DF2 in terms of its size, surface brightness, and morphology; has a similar distance of {D}sb…
A three-dimensional map of the Milky Way using classical Cepheid variable stars
Udalski, Andrzej; Mróz, Przemek; Szymański, Michał K. +9 more
The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy, with physical properties inferred from various tracers informed by the extrapolation of structures seen in other galaxies. However, the distances of these tracers are measured indirectly and are model-dependent. We constructed a map of the Milky Way in three dimensions, based on the positions and distances …
The hidden giant: discovery of an enormous Galactic dwarf satellite in Gaia DR2
Kuehn, K.; Li, T. S.; Evans, N. W. +8 more
We report the discovery of a Milky Way satellite in the constellation of Antlia. The Antlia 2 dwarf galaxy is located behind the Galactic disc at a latitude of b ∼ 11° and spans 1.26°, which corresponds to ∼2.9 kpc at its distance of 130 kpc. While similar in spatial extent to the Large Magellanic Cloud, Antlia 2 is orders of magnitude fainter at …
Constraining the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch phase with resolved stellar populations in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Boyer, Martha L.; Girardi, Léo; Dalcanton, Julianne J. +17 more
The thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) experienced by low- and intermediate-mass stars is one of the most uncertain phases of stellar evolution and the models need to be calibrated with the aid of observations. To this purpose, we couple high-quality observations of resolved stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) with detailed s…
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Different roads to radii and masses of the target stars
Schmitt, J. H. M. M.; del Burgo, C.; Amado, P. J. +28 more
Aims: We determine the radii and masses of 293 nearby, bright M dwarfs of the CARMENES survey. This is the first time that such a large and homogeneous high-resolution (R > 80 000) spectroscopic survey has been used to derive these fundamental stellar parameters.
Methods: We derived the radii using Stefan-Boltzmann's law. We obtained …
Observational Constraints on the Merger History of Galaxies since z ≈ 6: Probabilistic Galaxy Pair Counts in the CANDELS Fields
Pérez-González, Pablo G.; Grogin, Norman A.; Koekemoer, Anton M. +13 more
Galaxy mergers are expected to have a significant role in the mass assembly of galaxies in the early universe, but there are very few observational constraints on the merger history of galaxies at z > 2. We present the first study of galaxy major mergers (mass ratios <1:4) in mass-selected samples out to z ≈ 6. Using all five fields of the H…
The Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS): improved SEDs, morphologies, and redshifts with 12 optical filters
Riguccini, L.; Molino, A.; Pereira, C. B. +142 more
The Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) is imaging ∼9300 deg2 of the celestial sphere in 12 optical bands using a dedicated 0.8 m robotic telescope, the T80-South, at the Cerro Tololo Inter-american Observatory, Chile. The telescope is equipped with a 9.2k × 9.2k e2v detector with 10 {µ m} pixels, resulting in a fi…
The Solar Neighborhood. XLV. The Stellar Multiplicity Rate of M Dwarfs Within 25 pc
Henry, Todd J.; Winters, Jennifer G.; Jao, Wei-Chun +6 more
We present results of the largest, most comprehensive study ever done of the stellar multiplicity of the most common stars in the Galaxy, the red dwarfs. We have conducted an all-sky volume-limited survey for stellar companions to 1120 M dwarf primaries known to lie within 25 pc of the Sun via trigonometric parallaxes. In addition to a comprehensi…