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The discovery of two new benchmark brown dwarfs with precise dynamical masses at the stellar-substellar boundary
Ségransan, D.; Udry, S.; Forveille, T. +7 more
Aims: Measuring dynamical masses of substellar companions is a powerful tool for testing models of mass-luminosity-age relations as well as for determining observational features that constrain the boundary between stellar and substellar companions. In order to dynamically constrain the mass of such companions, we use multiple exoplanet measu…
Transient Corotating Clumps around Adolescent Low-mass Stars from Four Years of TESS
Jayaraman, Rahul; Winn, Joshua N.; Bakos, Gáspár Á. +5 more
Complex periodic variables (CPVs) are stars that exhibit highly structured and periodic optical light curves. Previous studies have indicated that these stars are typically disk-free pre-main-sequence M dwarfs with rotation periods ranging from 0.2 to 2 days. To advance our understanding of these enigmatic objects, we conducted a blind search usin…
Measuring White Dwarf Variability from Sparsely Sampled Gaia DR3 Multi-epoch Photometry
Hermes, J. J.; Farihi, Jay; Heintz, Tyler M. +5 more
White dwarf stars are ubiquitous in the Galaxy, and are essential to understanding stellar evolution. While most white dwarfs are photometrically stable and reliable flux standards, some can be highly variable, which can reveal unique details about the endpoints of low-mass stellar evolution. In this study, we characterize a sample of high-confide…
First spiral arm detection using dynamical mass measurements of the Milky Way disk
Widmark, Axel; Naik, Aneesh P.
We applied the vertical Jeans equation to the Milky Way disk in order to study non-axisymmetric variations in the thin disk surface density. We divided the disk plane into area cells with a 100 pc grid spacing and used four separate subsets of the Gaia DR3 stars, defined by cuts in absolute magnitude, that reach distances up to 3 kpc. The vertical…
Magnetic origin of the discrepancy between stellar limb-darkening models and observations
Solanki, Sami K.; Seager, Sara; Shapiro, Alexander I. +8 more
Stars appear darker at their limbs than at their disk centres because at the limb we are viewing the higher and cooler layers of stellar photospheres. Yet, limb darkening derived from state-of-the-art stellar atmosphere models systematically fails to reproduce recent transiting exoplanet light curves from the Kepler, TESS and JWST telescopes—stell…
JOYS+ study of solid-state 12C/13C isotope ratios in protostellar envelopes: Observations of CO and CO2 ice with the James Webb Space Telescope
van Dishoeck, E. F.; Nazari, P.; Rocha, W. R. M. +12 more
Context. The carbon isotope ratio is a powerful tool for studying the evolution of stellar systems due to its sensitivity to the local chemical environment. Recent detections of CO isotopologs in disks and exoplanet atmospheres revealed a high variability in the isotope abundance, ponting towards significant fractionation in these systems. In orde…
Discovery of four new EL CVn-type binaries in the Gaia eclipsing binaries
Wang, Kun; Ren, Anbing; Peng, Yuhui
In this paper, we performed a search for EL CVn-type binaries based on the Gaia and TESS data. Through the combination of the Gaia DR3 eclipsing binary catalogue and the Gaia DR3 spectroscopic binary catalogue, we have identified 13 stars exhibiting EL CVn-like characteristics. Among these stars, nine have already been identified as EL CVn binarie…
Investigating the orbital evolution of the eccentric HMXB GX 301-2 using long-term X-ray light curves
Paul, Biswajit; Kumar, Manish; Rana, Vikram +1 more
We report the orbital decay rate of the high-mass X-ray binary GX 301-2 from an analysis of its long-term X-ray light curves and pulsed flux histories from CGRO/BATSE, RXTE/ASM, Swift/BAT, Fermi/GBM, and MAXI by timing the pre-periastron flares over a span of almost 30 yr. The time of arrival of the pre-periastron flares exhibits an energy depende…
INTEGRAL/IBIS polarization detection in the hard and soft intermediate states of Swift J1727.8−1613
Rodriguez, J.; Wilms, J.; Laurent, P. +5 more
Aims: Soft γ-ray emission (100 keV-10 MeV) has previously been detected in the hard state of several microquasars. In some sources, this emission was found to be highly polarized and was suggested to be emitted at the base of the jet. Until now, no γ-ray polarization had been found in any other state.
Methods: Using INTEGRAL/IBIS, we stu…
TESS Investigation—Demographics of Young Exoplanets (TI-DYE). II. A Second Giant Planet in the 17 Myr System HIP 67522
Vanderburg, Andrew; Collins, Karen A.; Seager, Sara +13 more
The youngest (<50 Myr) planets are vital to understand planet formation and early evolution. The 17 Myr system HIP 67522 is already known to host a giant (≃10R ⊕) planet on a tight orbit. In their discovery paper, Rizzuto et al. reported a tentative single-transit detection of an additional planet in the system using TESS. Here, we r…