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Monte Carlo control loops for cosmic shear cosmology with DES Year 1 data
Smith, M.; Annis, J.; Bertin, E. +53 more
Weak lensing by large-scale structure is a powerful probe of cosmology and of the dark universe. This cosmic shear technique relies on the accurate measurement of the shapes and redshifts of background galaxies and requires precise control of systematic errors. Monte Carlo control loops (MCCL) is a forward modeling method designed to tackle this p…
Chemical Properties of the Local Galactic Disk and Halo. I. Fundamental Properties of 1544 Nearby, High Proper-motion M Dwarfs and Subdwarfs
Lépine, Sébastien; Rich, R. Michael; Shara, Michael M. +2 more
Due to their ubiquity and very long main-sequence lifetimes, M dwarfs provide an excellent tool to study the formation and chemical enrichment history of our Galaxy. However, owing to their intrinsic faintness, the acquisition of high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of low-mass stars has been limited to small numbers of very nearby stars,…
Magnetospheric Studies: A Requirement for Addressing Interdisciplinary Mysteries in the Ice Giant Systems
Roussos, E.; Rymer, A.; Allen, R. C. +18 more
Uranus and Neptune are the least-explored planets in our Solar System. This paper summarizes mysteries about these incredibly intriguing planets and their environments spurred by our limited observations from Voyager 2 and Earth-based systems. Several of these observations are either inconsistent with our current understanding built from exploring…
Super-resolution of SDO/HMI Magnetograms Using Novel Deep Learning Methods
Moon, Yong-Jae; Lim, Daye; Rahman, Sumiaya +3 more
Image super-resolution is a technique of enhancing the resolution of an image where a high-resolution (HR) image is reconstructed from a low-resolution (LR) image. In this Letter, we apply two novel deep learning models (residual attention model and progressive GAN model) for enhancing Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Helioseismic and Magnetic Ima…
A dusty benchmark brown dwarf near the ice line of HD 72946
Absil, O.; Henning, T.; Brandner, W. +12 more
Context. HD 72946 is a bright and nearby solar-type star hosting a low-mass companion at long period (P ∼ 16 yr) detected with the radial velocity (RV) method. The companion has a minimum mass of 60.4 ± 2.2 MJ and might be a brown dwarf. Its expected semi-major axis of ∼243 mas makes it a suitable target for further characterization wit…
Sixteen Open Clusters Discovered with Sample-based Clustering Search of Gaia DR2
Xu, Ye; Hao, ChaoJie; Wu, ZhenYu +2 more
Accurate astrometric parameters and photometric data in three bands for more than 1.3 billion sources (mainly stars) were made available in the recent Gaia Data Release 2, allowing us to find new open clusters in the milky Way. We propose a novel sample-based clustering search method with high spatial resolution to search for open clusters (OCs). …
Average cometary ion flow pattern in the vicinity of comet 67P from moment data
Nilsson, Hans; Behar, Etienne; Goetz, Charlotte +7 more
Average flow patterns of ions around comet 67P detected by the RPC-ICA instrument onboard Rosetta are presented both as a time series and as a spatial distribution of the average flow in the plane perpendicular to the comet - Sun direction (Y-Z plane in the coordinate systems used). Cometary ions in the energy range up to 60 eV flow radially away …
A broad-band look of the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1748.9-2021 using AstroSat and XMM-Newton
Beri, Aru; Sanna, Andrea; Dutta, Anjan +1 more
SAX J1748.9-2021 is a transient accretion powered millisecond X-ray pulsar located in the globular cluster NGC 6440. We report on the spectral and timing analysis of SAX J1748.9-2021 performed on AstroSat data taken during its faint and short outburst of 2017. We derived the best-fitting orbital solution for the 2017 outburst and obtained an avera…
Comparisons Between Jupiter's X-ray, UV and Radio Emissions and In-Situ Solar Wind Measurements During 2007
Jackman, C. M.; Lamy, L.; Branduardi-Raymont, G. +21 more
We compare Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observations of Jupiter during 2007 with a rich multi-instrument data set including upstream in situ solar wind measurements from the New Horizons spacecraft, radio emissions from the Nançay Decametric Array and Wind/Waves, and ultraviolet (UV) observations from the Hubble Space Telescope. New Horizons data …
IRIS Mg II Observations and Non-LTE Modeling of Off-limb Spicules in a Solar Polar Coronal Hole
Heinzel, Petr; Shibata, Kazunari; Okamoto, Takenori J. +4 more
We investigated the off-limb spicules observed in the Mg II h and k lines by IRIS in a solar polar coronal hole. We analyzed the large data set of obtained spectra to extract quantitative information about the line intensities, shifts, and widths. The observed Mg II line profiles are broad and double peaked at lower altitudes, broad but flat toppe…