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Weighing in on black hole binaries with BPASS: LB-1 does not contain a 70 M⊙ black hole
Steeghs, D. T. H.; Stanway, E. R.; Eldridge, J. J. +3 more
The recent identification of a candidate very massive (70 M⊙) black hole (BH) is at odds with our current understanding of stellar winds and pair-instability supernovae. We investigate alternate explanations for this system by searching the BPASS v2.2 stellar and population synthesis models for those that match the observed properties o…
A Terrestrial-mass Rogue Planet Candidate Detected in the Shortest-timescale Microlensing Event
Han, Cheongho; Udalski, Andrzej; Lee, Chung-Uk +29 more
Some low-mass planets are expected to be ejected from their parent planetary systems during early stages of planetary system formation. According to planet formation theories, such as the core accretion theory, typical masses of ejected planets should be between 0.3 and 1.0 M⊕. Although in practice such objects do not emit any light, th…
The tidal remnant of an unusually metal-poor globular cluster
Lewis, Geraint F.; Casey, Andrew R.; Erkal, Denis +18 more
Globular clusters are some of the oldest bound stellar structures observed in the Universe1. They are ubiquitous in large galaxies and are believed to trace intense star-formation events and the hierarchical build-up of structure2,3. Observations of globular clusters in the Milky Way, and a wide variety of other galaxies, hav…
The Bulge Radial Velocity Assay for RR Lyrae Stars (BRAVA-RR) DR2: A Bimodal Bulge?
Rich, R. Michael; Kunder, Andrea; Wojno, Jennifer +11 more
The radial velocities of 2768 fundamental-mode RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) toward the southern Galactic bulge are presented, spanning the southern bulge from -8° < l < + 8° and -3° < b < -6°. Distances derived from the pulsation properties of the RRLs are combined with Gaia proper motions to give constraints on the orbital motions of 1389 RR…
Comparison of the Deep Atmospheric Dynamics of Jupiter and Saturn in Light of the Juno and Cassini Gravity Measurements
Stevenson, David J.; Iess, Luciano; Showman, Adam P. +4 more
The nature and structure of the observed east-west flows on Jupiter and Saturn have been a long-standing mystery in planetary science. This mystery has been recently unraveled by the accurate gravity measurements provided by the Juno mission to Jupiter and the Grand Finale of the Cassini mission to Saturn. These two experiments, which coincidental…
Disentangling cataclysmic variables in Gaia's HR diagram
López-Sanjuan, Carlos; Ederoclite, Alessandro; Schmidtobreick, Linda +1 more
Cataclysmic variables (CVs) are interacting binaries consisting of at least three components that control their colour and magnitude. Using Gaia, we here investigate the influence of the physical properties of these binaries on their position in the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram. The CVs are on average located between the main sequence and the …
HST Imaging of the Ionizing Radiation from a Star-forming Galaxy at z = 3.794
Papovich, Casey; Castellano, Marco; Ferguson, Henry C. +17 more
We report on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) detection of the Lyman-continuum (LyC) radiation emitted by a galaxy at redshift z = 3.794 dubbed Ion1. The LyC from Ion1 is detected at 820-890 Å with HST WFC3/UVIS in the F410M band (m410 = 27.60 ± 0.36 mAB, peak signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) = 4.17 in an r = 0"12 aperture) and 70…
PopSyCLE: A New Population Synthesis Code for Compact Object Microlensing Events
Hosek, Matthew W., Jr.; Lu, Jessica R.; Dawson, William A. +2 more
We present a new Milky Way microlensing simulation code, dubbed PopSyCLE (Population Synthesis for Compact object Lensing Events). PopSyCLE is the first resolved microlensing simulation to include a compact object distribution derived from numerical supernova explosion models and both astrometric and photometric microlensing effects. We demonstrat…
Probing the Bright End of the Rest-frame Ultraviolet Luminosity Function at z = 8-10 with Hubble Pure-parallel Imaging
Finkelstein, Steven L.; Bagley, Micaela B.; Rojas-Ruiz, Sofía +5 more
Looking for bright galaxies born in the early universe is fundamental to investigating the Epoch of Reionization, the era when the first stars and galaxies ionized the intergalactic medium. We utilize Hubble Space Telescope pure-parallel imaging to select galaxy candidates at a time 500-650 million years after the Big Bang, which corresponds to re…
RedDots: a temperate 1.5 Earth-mass planet candidate in a compact multiterrestrial planet system around GJ 1061
Pallé, E.; Reiners, A.; Ribas, I. +16 more
Small low-mass stars are favourable targets for the detection of rocky habitable planets. In particular, planetary systems in the solar neighbourhood are interesting and suitable for precise characterization. The RedDots campaigns seek to discover rocky planets orbiting nearby low-mass stars. The 2018 campaign targeted GJ 1061, which is the 20th n…