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H II regions and high-mass starless clump candidates. II. Fragmentation and induced star formation at 0.025 pc scale: an ALMA continuum study
Liu, H.; Zavagno, A.; Zhang, S. +7 more
Context. The ionization feedback from H II regions modifies the properties of high-mass starless clumps (HMSCs, of several hundred to a few thousand solar masses with a typical size of 0.1-1 pc), such as dust temperature and turbulence, on the clump scale. The question of whether the presence of H II regions modifies the core-scale (~0.025 pc) fra…
The nature of VX Sagitarii. Is it a TŻO, a RSG, or a high-mass AGB star?
Negueruela, I.; Tabernero, H. M.; Dorda, R. +1 more
Aims: We present a spectroscopic analysis of the extremely luminous red star VX Sgr based on high-resolution observations combined with AAVSO light curve data. Given the puzzling characteristics of VX Sgr, we explore three scenarios for its nature: a massive red supergiant (RSG) or red hypergiant (RHG), a Thorne Żytkow object, and an extreme …
A Disk and No Signatures of Tidal Distortion in the Galaxy "Lacking" Dark Matter NGC 1052-DF2
Trujillo, Ignacio; Borlaff, Alejandro S.; Monelli, Matteo +2 more
Using ultra-deep imaging (µg = 30.4 mag arcsec-2; 3σ, 10″ × 10″), we probed the surroundings of the first galaxy "lacking" dark matter (DM) KKS2000[04] (NGC 1052-DF2). Signs of tidal stripping in this galaxy would explain its claimed low content of DM. However, we find no evidence of tidal tails. In fact, the galaxy rem…
Two Bright M Dwarfs Hosting Ultra-Short-Period Super-Earths with Earth-like Compositions
Barclay, Thomas; Vanderburg, Andrew; Bieryla, Allyson +60 more
We present observations of two bright M dwarfs (TOI-1634 and TOI-1685: J = 9.5-9.6) hosting ultra-short-period (USP) planets identified by the TESS mission. The two stars are similar in temperature, mass, and radius (Teff ≈ 3500 K, M⋆ ≈ 0.45-0.46 M⊙, and R⋆ ≈ 0.45-0.46 R⊙), and the planets are…
Split Peas in a Pod: Intra-system Uniformity of Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes
Winn, Joshua N.; Millholland, Sarah C.
The planets within compact multiplanet systems tend to have similar sizes, masses, and orbital period ratios, like "peas in a pod." This pattern was detected when considering planets with radii between 1 and 4 R⊕. However, these same planets show a bimodal radius distribution, with few planets between 1.5 and 2 R⊕. The smalle…
htof: A New Open-source Tool for Analyzing Hipparcos, Gaia, and Future Astrometric Missions
Dupuy, Trent J.; Brandt, Timothy D.; Li, Yiting +3 more
We present htof, an open-source tool for interpreting and fitting the intermediate astrometric data (IAD) from both the 1997 and 2007 reductions of Hipparcos, the scanning law of Gaia, and future missions such as the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (NGRST). htof solves the astrometric parameters of any system for any arbitrary combination of abs…
Warm Jupiters in TESS Full-frame Images: A Catalog and Observed Eccentricity Distribution for Year 1
Hellier, Coel; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Latham, David W. +57 more
Warm Jupiters-defined here as planets larger than 6 Earth radii with orbital periods of 8-200 days-are a key missing piece in our understanding of how planetary systems form and evolve. It is currently debated whether Warm Jupiters form in situ, undergo disk or high-eccentricity tidal migration, or have a mixture of origin channels. These differen…
KIC 5950759: a high-amplitude δ Sct star with amplitude and frequency modulation near the terminal age main sequence
Bowman, D. M.; Smalley, B.; Tkachenko, A. +5 more
Among the intermediate mass pulsating stars known as δ Sct stars is a subset of high-amplitude and predominantly radial-mode pulsators known as high-amplitude δ Sct (HADS) stars. From more than 2000 δ Sct stars observed by the Kepler space mission, only two HADS stars were detected. We investigate the more perplexing of these two HADS stars, KIC 5…
A New Sample of Warm Extreme Debris Disks from the ALLWISE Catalog
Henning, Thomas; Pál, András; Kinemuchi, Karen +12 more
Extreme debris disks (EDDs) are rare systems with peculiarly large amounts of warm dust that may stem from recent giant impacts between planetary embryos during the final phases of terrestrial planet growth. Here we report on the identification and characterization of six new EDDs. These disks surround F5-G9 type main-sequence stars with ages >…
Faint objects in motion: the new frontier of high precision astrometry
Villaver, Eva; Alves, João; Chemin, Laurent +83 more
Sky survey telescopes and powerful targeted telescopes play complementary roles in astronomy. In order to investigate the nature and characteristics of the motions of very faint objects, a flexibly-pointed instrument capable of high astrometric accuracy is an ideal complement to current astrometric surveys and a unique tool for precision astrophys…