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Evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function: evidence for an increasing M* from z = 2 to the present day
Häußler, B.; Bowler, R. A. A.; Jarvis, M. J. +2 more
Utilizing optical and near-infrared broad-band photometry covering >5 deg2 in two of the most well-studied extragalactic legacy fields (COSMOS and XMM-LSS), we measure the galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) between 0.1 < z < 2.0. We explore in detail the effect of two source extraction methods (SExtractor and ProFound) in addi…
Disequilibrium Chemistry in Exoplanet Atmospheres Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope
West, Robert A.; Zellem, Robert T.; Swain, Mark R. +3 more
Literature on the theory of exoplanet atmospheric disequilibrium chemistry is rich, although its observational counterpart has yet to emerge beyond the hints provided by a few targets in dedicated studies. We report results from an uniform data reduction and analysis for a catalog of 62 Hubble Space Telescope exoplanet transit spectra where we ass…
Investigating the Relative Gas and Small Dust Grain Surface Heights in Protoplanetary Disks
Monnier, John D.; Adams, Fred C.; Teague, Richard +7 more
Dust evolution in protoplanetary disks from small dust grains to pebbles is key to the planet formation process. The gas in protoplanetary disks should influence the vertical distribution of small dust grains (∼1 µm) in the disk. Utilizing archival near-infrared polarized light and millimeter observations, we can measure the scale height and…
Magnetic Structure and Propagation of Two Interacting CMEs From the Sun to Saturn
Provan, Gabrielle; Möstl, Christian; Futaana, Yoshifumi +14 more
One of the grand challenges in heliophysics is the characterization of coronal mass ejection (CME) magnetic structure and evolution from eruption at the Sun through heliospheric propagation. At present, the main difficulties are related to the lack of direct measurements of the coronal magnetic fields and the lack of 3D in-situ measurements of the…
Drag-Based Model (DBM) Tools for Forecast of Coronal Mass Ejection Arrival Time and Speed
Dumbović, Mateja; Temmer, Manuela; Veronig, Astrid +4 more
Forecasting the arrival time of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shocks is one of the key aspects of space weather research. One of the commonly used models is the analytical drag-based model (DBM) for heliospheric propagation of CMEs due to its simplicity and calculation speed. The DBM relies on the observational fact that slow …
Threads, Ribbons, and Rings in the Radio Galaxy IC 4296
Camilo, F.; White, S. V.; Condon, J. J. +5 more
The nearby elliptical galaxy IC 4296 has produced a large (510 kpc) low-luminosity radio source with typical FR I core/jet/lobe morphology. The unprecedented combination of brightness sensitivity, dynamic range, and angular resolution of a new 1.28 GHz MeerKAT continuum image reveals striking new morphological features, which we call threads, ribb…
Magnetic white dwarfs in post-common-envelope binaries
Gänsicke, B. T.; Breedt, E.; Marsh, T. R. +5 more
Magnitude-limited samples have shown that 20-25 per cent of cataclysmic variables contain white dwarfs with magnetic fields of Mega Gauss strength, in stark contrast to the approximately 5 per cent of single white dwarfs with similar magnetic field strengths. Moreover, the lack of identifiable progenitor systems for magnetic cataclysmic variables …
Determination of the escape velocity of the Milky Way using a halo sample selected based on proper motion
Helmi, Amina; Koppelman, Helmer H.
Context. The Gaia mission has provided the largest catalogue ever of sources with tangential velocity information. However, it is difficult to use this catalogue for dynamical studies because most of the stars lack line-of-sight velocity measurements. Recently, we presented a selection of ∼107 halo stars with accurate distances that wer…
Untangling the Galaxy. III. Photometric Search for Pre-main-sequence Stars with Deep Learning
Kounkel, Marina; Covey, Kevin; Hutchinson, Brian +2 more
A reliable census of pre-main-sequence stars with known ages is critical to our understanding of early stellar evolution, but historically there has been difficulty in separating such stars from the field. We present a trained neural network model, Sagitta, that relies on Gaia DR2 and 2 Micron All-Sky Survey photometry to identify pre-main-sequenc…
Radial Migration from the Metallicity Gradient of Open Clusters and Outliers
Zhao, Gang; Chen, Yuqin; Zhang, Haopeng
Radial migration is an important process in the evolution of the Galactic disk. The metallicity gradient of open clusters and its outliers provide an effective way to examine this process. In this work, we compile metallicity, age, and kinematic parameters for 225 open clusters and carry out a quantitative analysis of radial migration via the calc…