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TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit
Lester, Kathryn V.; Bieryla, Allyson; Latham, David W. +56 more
We report the discovery of an ultrahot Jupiter with an extremely short orbital period of 0.67247414 ± 0.00000028 days (~16 hr). The 1.347 ± 0.047 R Jup planet, initially identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, orbits TOI-2109 (TIC 392476080)-a T eff ~ 6500 K F-type star with a mass of 1.447 ± 0…
CME Magnetic Structure and IMF Preconditioning Affecting SEP Transport
Lowrance, Patrick J.; Möstl, Christian; Guo, Jingnan +15 more
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and solar energetic particles (SEPs) are two phenomena that can cause severe space weather effects throughout the heliosphere. The evolution of CMEs, especially in terms of their magnetic structure, and the configuration of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) that influences the transport of SEPs are currently are…
A Census of Blue Stragglers in Gaia DR2 Open Clusters as a Test of Population Synthesis and Mass Transfer Physics
Leiner, Emily M.; Geller, Aaron
We use photometry and proper motions from Gaia DR2 to determine the blue straggler star (BSS) populations of 16 old (1-10 Gyr), nearby (d < 3500 pc) open clusters. We find that the fractional number of BSS compared to red giant branch stars increases with age, starting near zero at 1 Gyr and flattening to ∼0.35 by 4 Gyr. Fitting stellar evoluti…
Mass calibration of distant SPT galaxy clusters through expanded weak-lensing follow-up observations with HST, VLT, & Gemini-South
Schrabback, T.; Schirmer, M.; Sommer, M. +18 more
Expanding from previous work, we present weak-lensing (WL) measurements for a total sample of 30 distant (zmedian = 0.93) massive galaxy clusters from the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) Survey, measuring galaxy shapes in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys images. We remove cluster members and pref…
Pre-flight Calibration and Near-Earth Commissioning Results of the Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment (MPPE) Onboard MMO (Mio)
Zong, Qiugang; Barabash, Stas; Bruno, Roberto +73 more
BepiColombo Mio (previously called MMO: Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter) was successfully launched by Ariane 5 from Kourou, French Guiana on October 20, 2018. The Mercury Plasma/Particle Experiment (MPPE) is a comprehensive instrument package onboard Mio spacecraft used for plasma, high-energy particle and energetic neutral atom measurements. It co…
One star, two star, red star, blue star: an updated planetary nebula central star distance catalogue from Gaia EDR3
Walton, N. A.; Chornay, N.
Context. Planetary nebulae (PNe) are a brief but important phase of stellar evolution. The study of Galactic PNe has historically been hampered by uncertain distances, but the parallaxes of PN central stars (CSPNe) measured by Gaia are improving the situation.
Aims: Gaia's Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) offers higher astrometric precision and gr…
Transforming gas-rich low-mass disky galaxies into ultra-diffuse galaxies by ram pressure
Fabricant, Daniel; Yagi, Masafumi; Afanasiev, Anton V. +4 more
Faint extended elliptically shaped ultra-diffuse galaxies and slightly brighter and more compact dwarf elliptical and lenticular stellar systems are common in galaxy clusters. Their poorly constrained evolutionary paths can be studied by identifying young ultra-diffuse galaxy and dwarf elliptical analogues populated with bright, massive stars. Usi…
A Parametric Galactic Model toward the Galactic Bulge Based on Gaia and Microlensing Data
Bennett, David P.; Koshimoto, Naoki; Baba, Junichi
We developed a parametric Galactic model toward the Galactic bulge by fitting to spatial distributions of the Gaia DR2 disk velocity, VVV proper motion, BRAVA radial velocity, OGLE-III red clump star count, and OGLE-IV star count and microlens rate, optimized for use in microlensing studies. We include the asymmetric drift of Galactic disk stars a…
Gravity, Geodesy and Fundamental Physics with BepiColombo's MORE Investigation
Longo, F.; Klioner, S.; Fienga, A. +37 more
The Mercury Orbiter Radio Science Experiment (MORE) of the ESA mission BepiColombo will provide an accurate estimation of Mercury's gravity field and rotational state, improved tests of general relativity, and a novel deep space navigation system. The key experimental setup entails a highly stable, multi-frequency radio link in X and Ka band, enab…
GAMA/DEVILS: constraining the cosmic star formation history from improved measurements of the 0.3-2.2 µm extragalactic background light
Obreschkow, Danail; Hopkins, Andrew M.; Driver, Simon P. +12 more
We present a revised measurement of the optical extragalactic background light (EBL), based on the contribution of resolved galaxies to the integrated galaxy light (IGL). The cosmic optical background radiation (COB), encodes the light generated by star formation, and provides a wealth of information about the cosmic star formation history (CSFH).…