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The radioactive nuclei (\textbf{26}) Al and (\textbf{60}) Fe in the Cosmos and in the solar system
Wang, W.; Diehl, R.; den Hartogh, J. W. +15 more
The cosmic evolution of the chemical elements from the Big Bang to the present time is driven by nuclear fusion reactions inside stars and stellar explosions. A cycle of matter recurrently re-processes metal-enriched stellar ejecta into the next generation of stars. The study of cosmic nucleosynthesis and this matter cycle requires the understandi…
The Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS) - III. Physical properties and elemental abundances of Lyman-limit systems at z < 1
Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André; Johnson, Sean D.; Petitjean, Patrick +18 more
We present a systematic investigation of physical conditions and elemental abundances in four optically thick Lyman-limit systems (LLSs) at z = 0.36-0.6 discovered within the Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS). Because intervening LLSs at z < 1 suppress far-UV (ultraviolet) light from background QSOs, an unbiased search of these absorbers …
Evidence for a compact object in the aftermath of the extragalactic transient AT2018cow
Steiner, James F.; Homan, Jeroen; Chakrabarty, Deepto +16 more
The brightest fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) are mysterious extragalactic explosions that may represent a new astrophysical phenomenon1. Their fast time to maximum brightness of less than a week, decline over several months, and atypical optical spectra and evolution are difficult to explain within the context of the core collapse…
Are All Post-starbursts Mergers? HST Reveals Hidden Disturbances in the Majority of PSBs
Heckman, Timothy; French, K. Decker; Nyland, Kristina +12 more
How do galaxies transform from blue, star-forming spirals to red, quiescent early-type galaxies? To answer this question, we analyzed a set of 26 gas-rich, shocked post-starburst galaxies with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging in B, I, and H bands and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) i-band imaging of similar depth but lower resolution. We found…
JCMT POL-2 and BISTRO Survey Observations of Magnetic Fields in the L1689 Molecular Cloud
Pattle, Kate; Ward-Thompson, Derek; Bastien, Pierre +26 more
We present 850 µm polarization observations of the L1689 molecular cloud, part of the nearby Ophiuchus molecular cloud complex, taken with the POL-2 polarimeter on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). We observe three regions of L1689: the clump L1689N which houses the IRAS 16293-2433 protostellar system, the starless clump SMM-16, and …
Prospects for Galactic and stellar astrophysics with asteroseismology of giant stars in the TESS continuous viewing zones and beyond
Chaplin, William J.; Girardi, Léo; van Saders, Jennifer L. +30 more
The NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (NASA-TESS) mission presents a treasure trove for understanding the stars it observes and the Milky Way, in which they reside. We present a first look at the prospects for Galactic and stellar astrophysics by performing initial asteroseismic analyses of bright (G < 11) red giant stars in the TESS s…
Evolution of Galaxy Star Formation and Metallicity: Impact on Double Compact Object Mergers
Danese, L.; Lapi, A.; Donevski, D. +3 more
In this paper, we study the impact of different galaxy statistics and empirical metallicity scaling relations on the merging rates and properties of compact object binaries. Firstly, we analyze the similarities and differences of using the star formation rate functions versus stellar mass functions as galaxy statistics for the computation of cosmi…
Empirical mass-loss rates and clumping properties of Galactic early-type O supergiants
Puls, J.; de Koter, A.; Sana, H. +7 more
Aims: We investigate the impact of optically thick clumping on spectroscopic stellar wind diagnostics in O supergiants and constrain wind parameters associated with porosity in velocity space. This is the first time the effects of optically thick clumping have been investigated for a sample of massive hot stars, using models which include a f…
TESS Observations of Cepheid Stars: First Light Results
Smolec, R.; Szabados, L.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. +33 more
We present the first analysis of Cepheid stars observed by the TESS space mission in Sectors 1-5. Our sample consists of 25 pulsators: ten fundamental mode, three overtone and two double-mode classical Cepheids, plus three type II and seven anomalous Cepheids. The targets were chosen from fields with different stellar densities, both from the Gala…
Deblending galaxies with variational autoencoders: A joint multiband, multi-instrument approach
LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration; Aubourg, Eric; Doux, Cyrille +2 more
Blending of galaxies has a major contribution in the systematic error budget of weak-lensing studies, affecting photometric and shape measurements, particularly for ground-based, deep, photometric galaxy surveys, such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). Existing deblenders mostly rely on analytic modelling of galaxy pr…