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Identification of a Local Sample of Gamma-Ray Bursts Consistent with a Magnetar Giant Flare Origin
Cenko, S. B.; Hurley, K.; Ridnaia, A. +23 more
Cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are known to arise from distinct progenitor channels: short GRBs mostly from neutron star mergers and long GRBs from a rare type of core-collapse supernova (CCSN) called collapsars. Highly magnetized neutron stars called magnetars also generate energetic, short-duration gamma-ray transients called magnetar gian…
R-process enhancements of Gaia-Enceladus in GALAH DR3
Helmi, Amina; Matsuno, Tadafumi; Hirai, Yutaka +3 more
Context. The dominant site of production of r-process elements remains unclear despite recent observations of a neutron star merger. Observational constraints on the properties of the sites can be obtained by comparing r-process abundances in different environments. The recent Gaia data releases and large samples from high-resolution optical spect…
22Ne Phase Separation as a Solution to the Ultramassive White Dwarf Cooling Anomaly
Blouin, Simon; Saumon, Didier; Daligault, Jérôme
The precise astrometric measurements of the Gaia Data Release 2 have opened the door to detailed tests of the predictions of white dwarf cooling models. Significant discrepancies between theory and observations have been identified, the most striking affecting ultramassive white dwarfs. Cheng et al. found that a small fraction of white dwarfs on t…
3D Morphology of Open Clusters in the Solar Neighborhood with Gaia EDR 3: Its Relation to Cluster Dynamics
Tang, Shih-Yun; Pang, Xiaoying; Kroupa, Pavel +5 more
We analyze the 3D morphology and kinematics of 13 open clusters (OCs) located within 500 pc of the Sun, using Gaia EDR 3 and kinematic data from the literature. Members of OCs are identified using the unsupervised machine-learning method StarGO, using five parameters (X, Y, Z, ${\mu }_{\alpha }\cos \delta ,{\mu }_{\delta }$ ). The OC sample covers…
The MUSE Deep Lensed Field on the Hubble Frontier Field MACS J0416. Star-forming complexes at cosmological distances
Treu, T.; Castellano, M.; Pentericci, L. +21 more
Context. A census of faint and tiny star forming complexes at high redshift is key to improving our understanding of reionizing sources, galaxy growth, and the formation of globular clusters.
Aims: We present the MUSE Deep Lensed Field (MDLF) program, which is aimed at unveiling the very faint population of high redshift sources that are magn…
The Hubble constant from eight time-delay galaxy lenses
Saha, Prasenjit; Williams, Liliya L. R.; Denzel, Philipp +1 more
We present a determination of the Hubble constant from the joint, free-form analysis of eight strongly, quadruply lensing systems. In the concordance cosmology, we find $H_0{} = 71.8^{+3.9}_{-3.3}\, \mathrm{km}\, \mathrm{s}^{-1}\, \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}{}{}$ with a precision of $4.97{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. This is in agreement with the latest measurement…
Luminosity Functions and Host-to-host Scatter of Dwarf Satellite Systems in the Local Volume
Greene, Jenny E.; Beaton, Rachael L.; Peter, Annika H. G. +2 more
Low-mass satellites around Milky Way (MW)-like galaxies are important probes of small-scale structure and galaxy formation. However, confirmation of satellite candidates with distance measurements remains a key barrier to fast progress in the Local Volume (LV). We measure the surface brightness fluctuation distances to recently cataloged candidate…
Improved Dynamical Masses for Six Brown Dwarf Companions Using Hipparcos and Gaia EDR3
Currie, Thayne; Dupuy, Trent J.; Bowler, Brendan P. +8 more
We present comprehensive orbital analyses and dynamical masses for the substellar companions Gl 229 B, Gl 758 B, HD 13724 B, HD 19467 B, HD 33632 Ab, and HD 72946 B. Our dynamical fits incorporate radial velocities, relative astrometry, and, most importantly, calibrated Hipparcos-Gaia EDR3 accelerations. For HD 33632 A and HD 72946 we perform thre…
Solar structure and evolution
Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen
The Sun provides a critical benchmark for the general study of stellar structure and evolution. Also, knowledge about the internal properties of the Sun is important for the understanding of solar atmospheric phenomena, including the solar magnetic cycle. Here I provide a brief overview of the theory of stellar structure and evolution, including t…
The ANTARES Astronomical Time-domain Event Broker
Lee, Chien-Hsiu; Scott, Adam; Matheson, Thomas +17 more
We describe the Arizona-NOIRLab Temporal Analysis and Response to Events System (ANTARES), a software instrument designed to process large-scale streams of astronomical time-domain alerts. With the advent of large-format CCDs on wide-field imaging telescopes, time-domain surveys now routinely discover tens of thousands of new events each night, mo…